Solar Fuels

SOLAR FUELS
 
In this book, you will have the opportunity to have comprehensive knowledge about the use of energy from the sun, which is our source of life, by converting it into different chemical fuels as well as catching up with the latest technology.
 
The most important obstacle to solar meeting all our energy needs is that solar energy is not always accessible and, therefore, cannot be used when needed. Consequently, the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy, which has become increasingly important in recent years, is a groundbreaking topic in the field of renewable energy. This type of chemical energy is called solar fuel. Hydrogen, methanol, methane, and carbon monoxide are among the solar fuels, which can be produced via solar-thermal, artificial photosynthesis, photocatalytic or photoelectrochemical routes. Solar Fuels compiles the objectives related to the new semiconductor materials and manufacturing techniques for solar fuel generation. Chapters are written by distinguished authors who have extensive experience in their fields. A multidisciplinary contributor profile, including chemical engineering, materials science, environmental engineering, and mechanical and aerospace engineering provides a broader point of view and coverage of the topic. Therefore, readers absolutely will have a chance to learn about not only the fundamentals, but also the various aspects of materials science and manufacturing technologies for solar fuel production. Moreover, readers from diverse fields should take advantage of this book to comprehend the impacts of solar energy conversion in chemical form.
 
Audience
 
The book will be of interest to a multidisciplinary group of fields in industry and academia, including physics, chemistry, materials science, biochemical engineering, optoelectronic information, photovoltaic and renewable energy engineering, electrochemistry, electrical engineering, and mechanical and manufacturing engineering.

Table des matières

Preface xiii
 
Part I: Solar Thermochemical and Concentrated Solar Approaches 1
 
1 Materials Design Directions for Solar Thermochemical Water Splitting 3
Robert B. Wexler, Ellen B. Stechel and Emily A. Carter
 
1.1 Introduction 4
 
1.1.1 Hydrogen via Solar Thermolysis 7
 
1.1.2 Hydrogen via Solar Thermochemical Cycles 8
 
1.1.3 Thermodynamics 13
 
1.1.4 Economics 16
 
1.2 Theoretical Methods 17
 
1.2.1 Oxygen Vacancy Formation Energy 18
 
1.2.2 Standard Entropy of Oxygen Vacancy Formation 22
 
1.2.3 Stability 24
 
1.2.4 Structure 25
 
1.2.5 Kinetics 26
 
1.3 The State-of-the-Art Redox-Active Metal Oxide 26
 
1.4 Next-Generation Perovskite Redox-Active Materials 30
 
1.5 Materials Design Directions 33
 
1.5.1 Enthalpy Engineering 33
 
1.5.2 Entropy Engineering 37
 
1.5.3 Stability Engineering 41
 
1.6 Conclusions 42
 
Acknowledgments 42
 
Appendices 43
 
Appendix A. Equilibrium Composition for Solar Thermolysis 43
 
Appendix B. Equilibrium Composition of Ceria 44
 
References 46
 
2 Solar Metal Fuels for Future Transportation 65
Youssef Berro and Marianne Balat-Pichelin
 
2.1 Introduction 66
 
2.1.1 Sustainable Strategies to Address Climate Change 66
 
2.1.2 Circular Economy 66
 
2.1.3 Sustainable Solar Recycling of Metal Fuels 68
 
2.2 Direct Combustion of Solar Metal Fuels 69
 
2.2.1 Stabilized Metal-Fuel Flame 70
 
2.2.2 Combustion Engineering 71
 
2.2.3 Designing Metal-Fueled Engines 72
 
2.3 Regeneration of Metal Fuels Through the Solar Reduction of Oxides 75
 
2.3.1 Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Oxides Reduction 75
 
2.3.2 Effect of Some Parameters on the Reduction Yield 77
 
2.3.2.1 Carbon-Reducing Agent 77
 
2.3.2.2 Catalysts and Additives 78
 
2.3.2.3 Mechanical Milling 78
 
2.3.2.4 CO Partial Pressure 79
 
2.3.2.5 Carrier Gas 79
 
2.3.2.6 Fast Preheating 79
 
2.3.2.7 Progressive Heating 80
 
2.3.3 Reverse Reoxidation of the Produced Metal Powders 80
 
2.3.4 Reduction of Oxides Using Concentrated Solar Power 81
 
2.3.5 Solar Carbothermal Reduction of Magnesia 83
 
2.3.6 Solar Carbothermal Reduction of Alumina 86
 
2.4 Conclusions 89
 
Acknowledgments 90
 
References 90
 
3 Design Optimization of a Solar Fuel Production Plant by Water Splitting With a Copper-Chlorine Cycle 97
Samane Ghandehariun, Shayan Sadeghi and Greg F. Naterer
 
Nomenclature 98
 
3.1 Introduction 100
 
3.2 System Description 108
 
3.3 Mathematical Modeling and Optimization 113
 
3.3.1 Energy and Exergy Analyses 113
 
3.3.2 Economic Analysis 116
 
3.3.3 Multiobjective Optimization (MOO) Algorithm 120
 
3.4 Results and Discussion 121
 
3.5 Conclusions 130
 
References 131
 
4 Diversifying Solar Fuels: A Comparative Study on Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production Versus Solar Thermochemical Energy Storage Using Co3O4 137
Atalay Calisan and Deniz Uner
 
4.1 Introduction 137
 
4.2 Materials and Methods 141
 
4.3 Thermodynamics of Direct Decomposition of Water 142
 
4.4 A Critical Analysis of Two-Step Thermochemical Water Splitting Cycles Through the Red/Ox Properties of Co3O4143
 
4.4.1 Red/Ox Characteristics of Co3O4 Measured by Temperature-Programmed Analysis 145
 
4.4.2 The Role of Pt as a Reduction Promoter of Co3O4 147
 
4.4.3 A Critical Analysis of the Solar Thermochemical Cycl

A propos de l'auteur

Nurdan Demirci Sankir, PhD, is a full professor in the Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering Department at the TOBB University of Economics and Technology (TOBB ETU), Ankara, Turkey. She received her M.Eng and PhD degrees in Materials Science and Engineering from the Virginia Polytechnic and State University, the USA, in 2005. She established the Energy Research and Solar Cell Laboratories at TOBB ETU, and her research interests include photovoltaic devices, solution-based thin-film manufacturing, solar-driven water splitting, photocatalytic degradation, and nanostructured semiconductors. This is her sixth co-edited book with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint. Mehmet Sankir, PhD, is a full professor in the Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey, and group leader of the Advanced Membrane Technologies Laboratory. He received his PhD degree in Macromolecular Science and Engineering from the Virginia Polytechnic and State University, the USA, in 2005. Dr. Sankir's research interests include membranes for fuel cells, flow batteries, hydrogen generation, and desalination. This is his sixth co-edited book with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint.

Résumé

SOLAR FUELS

In this book, you will have the opportunity to have comprehensive knowledge about the use of energy from the sun, which is our source of life, by converting it into different chemical fuels as well as catching up with the latest technology.

The most important obstacle to solar meeting all our energy needs is that solar energy is not always accessible and, therefore, cannot be used when needed. Consequently, the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy, which has become increasingly important in recent years, is a groundbreaking topic in the field of renewable energy. This type of chemical energy is called solar fuel. Hydrogen, methanol, methane, and carbon monoxide are among the solar fuels, which can be produced via solar-thermal, artificial photosynthesis, photocatalytic or photoelectrochemical routes. Solar Fuels compiles the objectives related to the new semiconductor materials and manufacturing techniques for solar fuel generation. Chapters are written by distinguished authors who have extensive experience in their fields. A multidisciplinary contributor profile, including chemical engineering, materials science, environmental engineering, and mechanical and aerospace engineering provides a broader point of view and coverage of the topic. Therefore, readers absolutely will have a chance to learn about not only the fundamentals, but also the various aspects of materials science and manufacturing technologies for solar fuel production. Moreover, readers from diverse fields should take advantage of this book to comprehend the impacts of solar energy conversion in chemical form.

Audience

The book will be of interest to a multidisciplinary group of fields in industry and academia, including physics, chemistry, materials science, biochemical engineering, optoelectronic information, photovoltaic and renewable energy engineering, electrochemistry, electrical engineering, and mechanical and manufacturing engineering.

Détails du produit

• Auteurs: Sankir, Mehmet Sankir, Mehmet (Tobb University of Economics and T Sankir, Nurdan Demirci Sankir, Nurdan Demirci (Tobb University of Economi Sankir, Nurdan Demirci Sankir Sankir
• Collaboration: Nurdan Demirci Sankir (Editeur), Sankir (Editeur), Mehmet Sankir (Editeur), Nurdan Demirci Sankir (Editeur), Sankir Mehmet (Editeur), Sankir Nurdan Demirci (Editeur)
• Edition: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Langues: Anglais
• Format d'édition: Livre Relié
• Sortie: 31.12.2021
• EAN: 9781119750574
• ISBN: 978-1-119-75057-4
• Pages: 432
• Thèmes: Advances in Solar Cell Materia; Advances in Solar Cell Materials and Storage
• Catégories: Sciences naturelles, médecine, informatique, technique > Technique > Electronique, électrotechnique, technique de l'information; Chemie, Energie, Kraftstoff, Solarenergie, ENERGY, chemistry, Materialwissenschaften, Industrial Chemistry, Materials science, Technische u. Industrielle Chemie, Solarenergie u. Photovoltaik, Solar Energy & Photovoltaics, Materials for Energy Systems, Materialien f. Energiesysteme, E-Fuel