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This book examines the treaties that promised self-government, financial assistance, cultural protections, and land to the more than 565 tribes of North America (including Alaska, Hawaii, and Canada). Prior to contact with Europeans and, later, Americans, American Indian treaties assumed unique dimensions, often involving lengthy ceremonial meetings during which gifts were exchanged. Europeans and Americans would irrevocably alter the ways in which treaties were negotiated: for example, treaties no longer constituted oral agreements but rather written documents, though both parties generally lacked understanding of the other''s culture. The political consequences of treaty negotiations continue to define the legal status of the more than 565 federally recognized tribes today. These and other aspects of treaty-making will be explored in this single-volume work, which serves to fill a gap in the study of both American history and Native American history. The history of treaty making covers a wide historical swath dating from the earliest treaty in 1788 to latest one negotiated in 1917. Despite the end of formal treaties largely by the end of the 19th century, Native relations with the federal government continued on with the move to reservations and later formal land allotment under the Dawes Act of 1887.>
Table des matières
Preface,
Acknowledgments,
Introduction,
Part I: Reference Essays,Indian Treaty Making: A Native View,
Box: Reserved Rights Doctrine,
Indian Treaties as International Agreements,
Box: Domestic Dependent Nation,
Canadian Indian Treaties,
Box: Doctrine of Discovery,
Box: Guardianship/Wardship,
Colonial and Early Treaties, 1775-1829,
Box: Annuities,
Box: State-Recognized Tribes,
Indian Removal and Land Cessions, 1830-1849,
Box: Native American Sovereignty,
Reservations and Confederate and Unratified Treaties, 1850-1871,
Box: Trust Land,
Box: Plenary Power,
Part II: Documents,Colonial and Early Treaties, 1775-1829,
Treaty of Fort Pitt (1778),
Box: Treaty Site-Fort Pitt, Pennsylvania,
Treaty of Hopewell (1785),
Treaty with the Six Nations (1794),
Treaty of Greenville (1795),
Box: Treaty Site-Greenville, Ohio,
Treaty with the Great and Little Osage (1825),
Treaty of Prairie du Chien (1825),
Treaties during Indian Removal, 1830-1849,
Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek (1830),
Treaty of Cusseta (1832),
Treaty of Payne's Landing (1832),
Treaty of Pontotoc Creek (1832),
Treaty of Chicago (1833),
Treaty of New Echota (1835),
Box: Treaty Site-New Echota, Georgia,
Treaty with the Chippewa (1837),
Treaty of La Pointe (1842),
Confederate, Reconstruction, and Unratified Treaties, 1850-1871,
Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851),
Box: Treaty Site-Fort Laramie, Wyoming,
Treaty with the Chippewa (1854),
Menominee Treaty (1856),
Reconstruction Treaties with the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creeks, and Seminole (1866),
Medicine Lodge Treaty (1867),
Treaty of Fort Bridger (1868),
Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868),
Treaty with the Navajo (1868),
Appendix A: Treaties by Tribe,
Appendix B: Canadian First Nations Treaties,
Index,
About the Editor,
