Metallurgy and Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas Production - Editio

Details the proper methods to assess, prevent, and reduce corrosion in the oil industry using today's most advanced technologies
 
This book discusses upstream operations, with an emphasis on production, and pipelines, which are closely tied to upstream operations. It also examines protective coatings, alloy selection, chemical treatments, and cathodic protection--the main means of corrosion control. The strength and hardness levels of metals is also discussed, as this affects the resistance of metals to hydrogen embrittlement, a major concern for high-strength steels and some other alloys. It is intended for use by personnel with limited backgrounds in chemistry, metallurgy, and corrosion and will give them a general understanding of how and why corrosion occurs and the practical approaches to how the effects of corrosion can be mitigated.
 
Metallurgy and Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas Production, Second Edition updates the original chapters while including a new case studies chapter. Beginning with an introduction to oilfield metallurgy and corrosion control, the book provides in-depth coverage of the field with chapters on: chemistry of corrosion; corrosive environments; materials; forms of corrosion; corrosion control; inspection, monitoring, and testing; and oilfield equipment.
* Covers all aspects of upstream oil and gas production from downhole drilling to pipelines and tanker terminal operations
* Offers an introduction to corrosion for entry-level corrosion control specialists
* Contains detailed photographs to illustrate descriptions in the text
 
Metallurgy and Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas Production, Second Edition is an excellent book for engineers and related professionals in the oil and gas production industries. It will also be an asset to the entry-level corrosion control professional who may have a theoretical background in metallurgy, chemistry, or a related field, but who needs to understand the practical limitations of large-scale industrial operations associated with oil and gas production.

Table des matières

Preface xiii
 
1 Introduction to Oilfield Metallurgy and Corrosion Control 1
 
Costs, 1
 
Safety, 2
 
Environmental Damage, 2
 
Corrosion Control, 3
 
References, 3
 
2 Chemistry of Corrosion 5
 
Electrochemistry of Corrosion, 5
 
Electrochemical Reactions, 5
 
Electrolyte Conductivity, 6
 
Faraday's Law of Electrolysis, 6
 
Electrode Potentials and Current, 6
 
Corrosion Rate Expressions, 10
 
pH, 10
 
Passivity, 11
 
Potential-pH (Pourbaix) Diagrams, 11
 
Summary, 12
 
References, 12
 
3 Corrosive Environments 15
 
External Environments, 16
 
Atmospheric Corrosion, 17
 
Water as a Corrosive Environment, 18
 
Soils as Corrosive Environments, 20
 
Corrosion Under Insulation, 21
 
Internal Environments, 24
 
Crude Oil, 24
 
Natural Gas, 25
 
Oxygen, 26
 
Carbon Dioxide, 26
 
Hydrogen Sulfide, 29
 
Organic Acids, 32
 
Scale, 33
 
Microbially Influenced Corrosion (MIC), 36
 
Mercury, 41
 
Hydrates, 41
 
Fluid Flow Effects on Corrosion, 41
 
Summary, 41
 
References, 42
 
4 Materials 47
 
Metallurgy Fundamentals, 47
 
Crystal Structure, 47
 
Material Defects, Inclusions, and Precipitates, 48
 
Strengthening Methods, 50
 
Mechanical Properties, 51
 
Forming Methods, 60
 
Castings, 60
 
Wrought Metal Products, 60
 
Welding, 61
 
Clad Metals, 65
 
Additive Manufacturing, 65
 
Materials Specifications, 65
 
API - The American Petroleum Institute, 66
 
AISI - The American Iron and Steel Institute, 66
 
ASTM International (Formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials), 66
 
ASME - The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 67
 
SAE International (Formerly the Society of Automotive Engineers), 67
 
UNS - The Universal Numbering System, 67
 
NACE - The Corrosion Society (Formerly the National Association of Corrosion Engineers), 68
 
Other Organizations, 68
 
Use of Materials Specifications, 68
 
Carbon Steels, Cast Irons, and Low-Alloy Steels, 69
 
Classifications of Carbon Steels, 71
 
Alloying Elements and Their Influence on Properties of Steel, 72
 
Strengthening Methods for Carbon Steels, 74
 
Quench and Tempered (Q&T) Steels, 75
 
Carbon Equivalents and Weldability, 76
 
Cleanliness of Steel, 76
 
Cast Irons, 76
 
Corrosion-Resistant Alloys (CRAs), 77
 
Iron-Nickel Alloys, 77
 
Stainless Steels, 78
 
Nickel-based Alloys, 83
 
Cobalt-based Alloys, 84
 
Titanium Alloys, 84
 
Copper Alloys, 86
 
Aluminum Alloys, 89
 
Additional Considerations with CRAs, 91
 
Polymers, Elastomers, and Composites, 93
 
Materials Selection Guidelines, 97
 
References, 97
 
5 Forms of Corrosion 101
 
Introduction, 101
 
General Corrosion, 102
 
Galvanic Corrosion, 104
 
Galvanic Coupling of Two or More Metals, 104
 
Area Ratio, 105
 
Metallurgically Induced Galvanic Corrosion, 107
 
Environmentally Induced Galvanic Corrosion, 109
 
Polarity Reversal, 111
 
Conductivity of the Electrolyte, 111
 
Control of Galvanic Corrosion, 111
 
Pitting Corrosion, 112
 
Occluded Cell Corrosion, 113
 
Pitting Corrosion Geometry and Stress Conce

A propos de l'auteur

Robert Heidersbach, PhD, is the President of Dr. Rust, Inc., a consulting firm that specializes in corrosion, metallurgy, and materials consulting for a variety of international clients, including oil and gas production, military hardware, construction, litigation, and failure analysis. He was previously a faculty member in ocean engineering at the University of Rhode Island, chemical engineering at Oklahoma State, and metallurgy and materials engineering at California Polytechnic State University.

Résumé

Details the proper methods to assess, prevent, and reduce corrosion in the oil industry using today's most advanced technologies

This book discusses upstream operations, with an emphasis on production, and pipelines, which are closely tied to upstream operations. It also examines protective coatings, alloy selection, chemical treatments, and cathodic protection--the main means of corrosion control. The strength and hardness levels of metals is also discussed, as this affects the resistance of metals to hydrogen embrittlement, a major concern for high-strength steels and some other alloys. It is intended for use by personnel with limited backgrounds in chemistry, metallurgy, and corrosion and will give them a general understanding of how and why corrosion occurs and the practical approaches to how the effects of corrosion can be mitigated.

Metallurgy and Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas Production, Second Edition updates the original chapters while including a new case studies chapter. Beginning with an introduction to oilfield metallurgy and corrosion control, the book provides in-depth coverage of the field with chapters on: chemistry of corrosion; corrosive environments; materials; forms of corrosion; corrosion control; inspection, monitoring, and testing; and oilfield equipment.
* Covers all aspects of upstream oil and gas production from downhole drilling to pipelines and tanker terminal operations
* Offers an introduction to corrosion for entry-level corrosion control specialists
* Contains detailed photographs to illustrate descriptions in the text

Metallurgy and Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas Production, Second Edition is an excellent book for engineers and related professionals in the oil and gas production industries. It will also be an asset to the entry-level corrosion control professional who may have a theoretical background in metallurgy, chemistry, or a related field, but who needs to understand the practical limitations of large-scale industrial operations associated with oil and gas production.

Détails du produit

• Auteurs: Bob Heidersbach, R Heidersbach, Robert Heidersbach, Heidersbach Robert
• Edition: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Langues: Anglais
• Format d'édition: Livre Relié
• Sortie: 31.10.2018
• EAN: 9781119252054
• ISBN: 978-1-119-25205-4
• Pages: 368
• Thèmes: Wiley Series in Corrosion; Wiley Series in Corrosion; Wiley Corrosion
• Catégories: Littérature spécialisée > Nature, technique > Sciences naturelles; Sciences naturelles, médecine, informatique, technique > Chimie; Chemie, Korrosion, Technologiemanagement, chemistry, Materialwissenschaften, Chemical Engineering, Industrial Chemistry, chemische Verfahrenstechnik, corrosion, Materials science, Allg. Chemische Verfahrenstechnik, Technische u. Industrielle Chemie