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For ten days at the end of September, 1987, a group of about 75 scientists from 21 different countries gathered in a restored monastery on a 750 meter high piece of rock jutting out of the Mediterranean Sea to discuss the simulation of the transport of electrons and photons using Monte Carlo techniques. When we first had the idea for this meeting, Ralph Nelson, who had organized a previous course at the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture, suggested that Erice would be the ideal place for such a meeting. Nahum, Nelson and Rogers became Co-Directors of the Course, with the help of Alessandro Rindi, the Director of the School of Radiation Damage and Protection, and Professor Antonino Zichichi, Director of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre. The course was an outstanding success, both scientifically and socially, and those at the meeting will carry the marks of having attended, both intellectually and on a personal level where many friendships were made. The scientific content of the course was at a very high caliber, both because of the hard work done by all the lecturers in preparing their lectures (e. g. , complete copies of each lecture were available at the beginning of the course) and because of the high quality of the "students", many of whom were accomplished experts in the field. The outstanding facilities of the Centre contributed greatly to the success. This volume contains the formal record of the course lectures.
Table des matières
and Fundamentals.- 1. Overview of Photon and Electron Monte Carlo.- 2. Multiple-Scattering Angular Deflections and Energy-Loss Straggling.- 3. Electron Stopping Powers for Transport Calculations.- 4. Cross Sections for Bremsstrahlung Production and Electron-Impact Ionization.- 5. Electron Step-Size Artefacts and PRESTA.- 6. 20 MeV Electrons on a Slab of Water.- The Eltran System.- 7. An Overview of ETRAN Monte Carlo Methods.- 8. ETRAN - Experimental Benchmarks.- 9. Applications of ETRAN Monte Carlo Codes.- The Integrated Tiger Series.- 10. Structure and Operation of the ITS Code System.- 11. Applications of the ITS Codes.- The EGS Code System.- 12. Structure and Operation of the EGS4 Code System.- 13. Experimental Benchmarks of EGS.- 14. A Comparison of EGS and ETRAN.- Low-Energy Monte Carlo.- 15. Low-Energy Monte Carlo and W-Values.- 16. Electron Track Simulation for Microdosimetry.- General Techniques.- 17. Geometry Methods and Packages.- 18. Variance-Reduction Techniques.- 19. Electron Transport in $$vec E$$ and $${mathbf{vec B}}$$ Fields.- Applications.- 20. Electron Pencil-Beam Calculations.- 21. Monte Carlo Simulation of Radiation Treatment Machine Heads.- 22. Positron Emission Tomography Applications of EGS.- 23. Stopping-Power Ratios for Dosimetry.- 24. Photon Monte Carlo Transport in Radiation Protection.- 25. Simulation of Dosimeter Response and Interface Effects.- 26. Dose Calculations for Radiation Treatment Planning.- 27. Three-Dimensional Dose Calculations for Total Body Irradiation.- 28. High-Energy Physics Applications of EGS.
