Molecular Mechanisms of Photosynthesis

"Photosynthesis is a biological process that is as complex as it is fundamental. It is a field that spans time scales from the cosmic to the femtosecond, and bridges disciplines from biochemistry to geology. In the last ten years major advances in the field and improved research techniques have further deepened the understanding of the process of photosynthesis." "Molecular Mechanisms of Photosynthesis stands as an ideal introduction to this subject. Robert E. Blankenship, a leading authority in photosynthesis research, offers a modern approach to photosynthesis in this accessible and well-illustrated text. The book provides a concise overview of the basic principles of energy storage and the history of the field, then progresses into more advanced topics such as electron transfer pathways, kinetics, genetic mutations, and evolution. Throughout, Blankenship includes an interdisciplinary emphasis that makes this book appealing across fields."--BOOK JACKET.

Table des matières

Introduction to the second edition xiAcknowledgements xiiiAbout the companion website xvChapter 1 The basic principles of photosynthetic energy storage 11.1 What is photosynthesis? 11.2 Photosynthesis is a solar energy storage process 21.3 Where photosynthesis takes place 41.4 The four phases of energy storage in photosynthesis 5References 9Chapter 2 Photosynthetic organisms and organelles 112.1 Introduction 112.2 Classification of life 122.3 Prokaryotes and eukaryotes 142.4 Metabolic patterns among living things 152.5 Phototrophic prokaryotes 152.6 Photosynthetic eukaryotes 21References 24Chapter 3 History and early development of photosynthesis 273.1 Van Helmont and the willow tree 273.2 Carl Scheele, Joseph Priestley, and the discovery of oxygen 273.3 Ingenhousz and the role of light in photosynthesis 283.4 Senebier and the role of carbon dioxide 293.5 De Saussure and the participation of water 293.6 The equation of photosynthesis 293.7 Early mechanistic ideas of photosynthesis 303.8 The Emerson and Arnold experiments 323.9 The controversy over the quantum requirement of photosynthesis 343.10 The red drop and the Emerson enhancement effect 353.11 Antagonistic effects 363.12 Early formulations of the Z scheme for photosynthesis 373.13 ATP formation 383.14 Carbon fixation 38References 38Chapter 4 Photosynthetic pigments: structure and spectroscopy 414.1 Chemical structures and distribution of chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls 414.2 Pheophytins and bacteriopheophytins 474.3 Chlorophyll biosynthesis 474.4 Spectroscopic properties of chlorophylls 504.5 Carotenoids 544.6 Bilins 57References 58Chapter 5 Antenna complexes and energy transfer processes 595.1 General concepts of antennas and a bit of history 595.2 Why antennas? 605.3 Classes of antennas 625.4 Physical principles of antenna function 635.5 Structure and function of selected antenna complexes 715.6 Regulation of antennas 82References 84Chapter 6 Reaction centers and electron transport pathways in anoxygenic phototrophs 896.1 Basic principles of reaction center structure and function 906.2 Development of the reaction center concept 906.3 Purple bacterial reaction centers 916.4 Theoretical analysis of biological electron transfer reactions 966.5 Quinone reductions, role of the Fe and pathways of proton uptake 986.6 Organization of electron transfer pathways 1016.7 Completing the cycle - the cytochrome bc1 complex 1036.8 Membrane organization in purple bacteria 1076.9 Electron transport in other anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria 108References 109Chapter 7 Reaction centers and electron transfer pathways in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms 1117.1 Spatial distribution of electron transport components in thylakoids of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms 1117.2 Noncyclic electron flow in oxygenic organisms 1137.3 Photosystem II structure and electron transfer pathway 1137.4 Photosystem II forms a dimeric supercomplex in the thylakoid membrane 1147.5 The oxygen-evolving complex and the mechanism of water oxidation by Photosystem II 1167.6 The structure and function of the cytochrome b6f complex 1207.7 Plastocyanin donates electrons to Photosystem I 1227.8 Photosystem I structure and electron transfer pathway 1237.9 Ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP reductase complete the noncyclic electron transport chain 126References 129Chapter 8 Chemiosmotic coupling and ATP synthesis 1338.1 Chemical aspects of ATP and the phosphoanhydride bonds 1338.2 Historical perspective on ATP synthesis 1358.3 Quantitative formulation of proton motive force 1378.4 Nomenclature and cellular location of ATP synthase 1388.5 Structure of ATP synthase 1388.6 The mechanism of chemiosmotic coupling 141References 143Chapter 9 Carbon metabolism 1479.1 The Calvin-Benson cycle is the primary photosynthetic carbon fixation pathway 1479.2 Photorespiration is a wasteful competitive process to carboxylation 1609.3 The C4 carbon cycle minimizes photorespiration 1639.4 Crassulacean acid metabolism avoids water loss in plants 1669.5 Algae and cyanobacteria actively concentrate CO2 1689.6 Sucrose and starch synthesis 1699.7 Other carbon fixation pathways in anoxygenic phototrophs 173References 173Chapter 10 Genetics, assembly, and regulation of photosynthetic systems 17710.1 Gene organization in anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria 17710.2 Gene expression and regulation of purple photosynthetic bacteria 17910.3 Gene organization in cyanobacteria 18010.4 Chloroplast genomes 18110.5 Pathways and mechanisms of protein import and targeting in chloroplasts 18210.6 Gene regulation and the assembly of photosynthetic complexes in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts 18610.7 The regulation of oligomeric protein stoichiometry 188References 189Chapter 11 The use of chlorophyll fluorescence to probe photosynthesis 19311.1 The time course of chlorophyll fluorescence 19411.2 The use of fluorescence to determine the quantum yield of Photosystem II 19511.3 Fluorescence detection of nonphotochemical quenching 19611.4 The physical basis of variable fluorescence 197References 19712.1 Introduction 199Chapter 12 Origin and evolution of photosynthesis 19912.2 Early history of the Earth 19912.3 Origin and early evolution of life 20012.4 Geological evidence for life and photosynthesis 20212.5 The nature of the earliest photosynthetic systems 20612.6 The origin and evolution of metabolic pathways with special reference to chlorophyll biosynthesis 20712.7 Evolutionary relationships among reaction centers and other electron transport components 21212.8 Do all photosynthetic reaction centers derive from a common ancestor? 21412.9 The origin of linked photosystems and oxygen evolution 21512.10 Origin of the oxygen-evolving complex and the transition to oxygenic photosynthesis 21812.11 Antenna systems have multiple evolutionary origins 22112.12 Endosymbiosis and the origin of chloroplasts 22312.13 Most types of algae are the result of secondary endosymbiosis 22612.14 Following endosymbiosis, many genes were transferred to the nucleus, and proteins were reimported to the chloroplast 22612.15 Evolution of carbon metabolism pathways 229References 230Chapter 13 Bioenergy applications and artificial photosynthesis 23713.1 Introduction 23713.2 Solar energy conversion 23713.3 What is the efficiency of natural photosynthesis? 23913.4 Calculation of the energy storage efficiency of oxygenic photosynthesis 24113.5 Why is the efficiency of photosynthesis so low? 24113.6 How might the efficiency of photosynthesis be improved? 24213.7 Artificial photosynthesis 243References 247Appendix: Light, energy, and kinetics 249Index 287

Détails du produit

• Auteurs: Blankenship, R. E. Blankenship, R. E. (Arizona State University Blankenship, R.e. (Arizona State University Blankenship, Robert E Blankenship, Robert E. Blankenship
• Edition: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Langues: Anglais
• Format d'édition: Livre de poche
• Sortie: 25.04.2014
• EAN: 9781405189750
• ISBN: 978-1-4051-8975-0
• Pages: 312
• Catégories: Sciences naturelles, médecine, informatique, technique > Biologie > Botanique; Botanik, Life Sciences, Biowissenschaften, Plant Science, Botanik / Molekularbiologie, Plant Molecular Biology