Mehr lesen
Informationen zum Autor Pierre Delhaes, Emeritus Research Director, Research Center Paul Pascal, CNRS and University of Bordeaux. Klappentext It is well known that solid carbons can be found in various guises with different forms of bulk phases (graphites, diamonds and carbynes) as well as more molecular forms (fullerenes,nanotubes and graphenes) resulting from recent discoveries.The cause of this rich polymorphism is analyzed in the first part of this book (chapters 1-5) with the propensity of carbon atoms for forming different types of homopolar chemical bonds associated with variable coordination numbers. Precursor organic molecules and parent compounds are also described to establish specific links with this rich polymorphism.Then in a second part (chapters 6-10) a comparative review of the main classes of bulk physical properties is presented. This approach emphasizes in particular the electronic behavior of (pi) polyaromatic systems organized in plane and curved atomic sheets. Finally in a third part (chapters 11-15) the surface and interface characteristics are introduced together with the texture and morphology of these multiscale carbon materials. An overview of the main field of applications is related showing the large use and interest for these solids. Zusammenfassung It is well known that solid carbons can be found in various guises with different forms of bulk phases (graphites, diamonds and carbynes) as well as more molecular forms (fullerenes,nanotubes and graphenes) resulting from recent discoveries. Inhaltsverzeichnis Introduction xiii PART 1. CARBON PHASES, PRECURSORS AND PARENT COMPOUNDS 1 Chapter 1. A Historical Overview 3 1.1. The alchemy of carbon 3 1.2. Elemental carbon and its allotropic varieties 5 1.3. Novel molecular varieties 7 1.4. Natural forms 9 1.5. Contribution from quantum mechanics 14 1.6. Conclusion 21 1.7. Bibliography 21 Chapter 2. Polymorphism of Crystalline Phases 25 2.1. Thermodynamic stability and phase diagram 25 2.2. Classical forms of carbon 37 2.3. Molecular and exotic forms 43 2.4. State of the art and conclusion 53 2.5. Bibliography 54 Chapter 3. Non-Crystalline Carbons 61 3.1. Reminder about defects and imperfections in networks 62 3.2. Thermodynamic approach and the classification of solids 70 3.3. Fabrication and characterization techniques 81 3.4. Conclusion 92 3.5. Bibliography 93 Chapter 4. Derivative Compounds and Analogs 97 4.1. Doping carbons and solid solutions 98 4.2. 2D and 3D analog compounds 111 4.3. Similar materials 116 4.4. Conclusion 118 4.5. Bibliography 118 Chapter 5. From Aromatic Precursors to the Graphene Plane 127 5.1. Condensed polyaromatic systems 128 5.2. The graphene plane 151 5.3. Current situation and conclusion 160 5.4. Bibliography 160 PART 2. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID CARBONS 169 Chapter 6. General Structural Properties 171 6.1. Elastic and mechanic properties 172 6.2. Thermal properties 188 6.3. Conclusion 207 6.4. Bibliography 208 Chapter 7. Electronic Structures and Magnetic Properties 217 7.1. Electronic band structures 218 7.2. Static magnetic properties 227 7.3. Electron spin (or paramagnetic) resonance 240 7.4. NMR 252 7.5. Conclusion 255 7.6. Bibliography 256 Chapter 8. Electronic Transport Properties 265 8.1. Electrical conductivity 270 8.2. Galvanomagnetic properties 293 8.3. Thermoelectric properties 305 8.4. Conclusion 310 8.5. Bibliography 310 Chapter 9. Optical Properties and their Applications 321 9.1. Properties in linear optics 325...
