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1. Introduction. Introduction. Layering. TCP/IP Layering. Internet Addresses. The Domain Name System. Encapsulation. Demultiplexing. Client-Server Model. Port Numbers. Standardization Process. RFCs. Standard, Simple Services. The Internet. Implementations. Application Programming Interfaces. Test Network. Summary. 2. Link Layer. Introduction. Ethernet and IEEE 802 Encapsulation. Trailer Encapsulation. SLIP: Serial Line IP. Compressed SLIP. PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol. Loopback Interface. MTU. Path MTU. Serial Line Throughput Calculations. Summary. 3. IP: Internet Protocol. Introduction. IP Header. IP Routing. Subnet Addressing. Subnet Mask. Special Case IP Addresses. A Subnet Example. ifconfig Command. netstat Command. IP Futures. Summary. 4. ARP: Address Resolution Protocol. Introduction. An Example. ARP Cache. ARP Packet Format. ARP Examples. Proxy ARP. Gratuitous ARP. arp Command. Summary. 5. RARP: Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. Introduction. RARP Packet Format. RARP Examples. RARP Server Design. Summary. 6. ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol. Introduction. ICMP Message Types. ICMP Address Mask Request and Reply. ICMP Timestamp Request and Reply. ICMP Port Unreachable Error. 4.4BSD Processing of ICMP Messages. Summary. 7. Ping Program. Introduction. Ping Program. IP Record Route Option. IP Timestamp Option. Summary. 8. Traceroute Program. Introduction. Traceroute Program Operation. LAN Output. WAN Output. IP Source Routing Option. Summary. 9. IP Routing. Introduction. Routing Principles. ICMP Host and Network Unreachable Errors. To Forward or Not to Forward. ICMP Redirect Errors. ICMP Router Discovery Messages. Summary. 10. Dynamic Routing Protocols. Introduction. Dynamic Routing. Unix Routing Daemons. RIP: Routing Information Protocol. RIP Version 2. OSPF: Open Shortest Path First. BGP: Border Gateway Protocol. CIDR: Classless Interdomain Routing. Summary. 11. UDP: User Datagram Protocol. Introduction. UDP Header. UDP Checksum. A Simple Example. IP Fragmentation. ICMP Unreachable Error (Fragmentation Required). Determining the Path MTU Using Traceroute. Path MTU Discovery with UDP. Interaction Between UDP and ARP. Maximum UDP Datagram Size. ICMP Source Quench Error. UDP Server Design. Summary. 12. Broadcasting and Multicasting. Introduction. Broadcasting. Broadcasting Examples. Multicasting. Summary. 13. IGMP: Internet Group Management...
