Archaeology in Practice - A Student Guide to Archaeological Analysis

Informationen zum Autor Jane Balme is a Professor of Archaeology at the University of Western Australia, where her research specializes in hunter-gatherer archaeology and the human colonization of Australia. Balme co-edited Gendered Archaeology: The Second Australian Women in Archaeology Conference (with Wendy Beck, 1995). Alistair Paterson is a Professor of Archaeology at the University of Western Australia. His research and teaching specialize in culture contact, historical archaeology in maritime and terrestrial contexts, European colonization, ancient rock art, and archaeological and historical methodology. He is the author of A Millennium of Cultural Contact (2011) and The Lost Legions: Culture Contact in Colonial Australia (2008). Klappentext This much-enhanced new edition of the highly accessible guide to practical archaeology is a vital resource for students.  It features the latest methodologies, a wealth of case studies from around the world, and contributions from leading specialists in archaeological materials analysis. New edition updated to include the latest archaeological methods, an enhanced focus on post-excavation analysis and new material including a dedicated chapter on analyzing human remains Covers the full range of current analytic methods, such as analysis of stone tools, human remains and absolute dating Features a user-friendly structure organized according to material types such as animal bones, ceramics and stone artifacts, as well as by thematic topics ranging from dating techniques to report writing, and ethical concerns. Accessible to archaeology students at all levels, with detailed references and extensive case studies featured throughout Zusammenfassung This much-enhanced new edition of the highly accessible guide to practical archaeology is a vital resource for students. It features the latest methodologies, a wealth of case studies from around the world, and contributions from leading specialists in archaeological materials analysis. Inhaltsverzeichnis Chapter Abstracts xviiPreface and Acknowledgments xxiNotes on Contributors xxvList of Tables xxixList of Figures xxx1 Collaborating with Stakeholders 1Larry J. Zimmerman and Kelly M. BranamIntroduction 1What and Who Is an Archaeological Stakeholder? 2Collaboration Comes in Many Forms 4Learning to Work with Stakeholders: A Discipline's Journey 7Differing Ways of Knowing the Past 11True or valid? 11How can there be different versions of the same past? 12General Thoughts about How to Consult with Stakeholders 13Building trust takes time 14Use ethnography 15Specific Issues and Concerns 15Differential power levels 15Competing claims 15Informed consent 17When pasts conflict 18What do you do if things go wrong? 18Owning the Past 19Where to from Here? 19Acknowledgments 20Further Reading 20References 212 Stratigraphy 26Jane Balme and Alistair PatersonIntroduction 26What Is Stratigraphy? 27Why Do Archaeologists Study Stratification? 27How Do Different Layers Occur in Archaeological Sites? 27Principles (or Laws) of Stratigraphy 29Sources of disturbance 30Excavation and Stratigraphy 32Recording Stratifi cation 33The Harris Matrix: Interpreting the spatial record 34Creating Analytical Units 37Case Study 2.1: Sos Höyük 38Conclusions 44Acknowledgments 44Further Reading 44Excavation 44Stratigraphy and formation processes 44References 443 Sediments 47Anthony Barham and Gary HuckleberryIntroduction 47Why Study Soils and Sediments? 48Sediments and Soils - Defi ning Concepts and Terms 50Field Description and Sampling 51Broad principles which should be applied during sediment sampling and description 53Laboratory Techniques 54Granulometry 55pH (acidity/alkalinity) 60Color 62Organic matter 63Phosphorus 65Case Study 3.1: Prehistoric Canals in the American Southwes...

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Chapter Abstracts xvii
 
Preface and Acknowledgments xxi
 
Notes on Contributors xxv
 
List of Tables xxix
 
List of Figures xxx
 
1 Collaborating with Stakeholders 1
Larry J. Zimmerman and Kelly M. Branam
 
Introduction 1
 
What and Who Is an Archaeological Stakeholder? 2
 
Collaboration Comes in Many Forms 4
 
Learning to Work with Stakeholders: A Discipline's Journey 7
 
Differing Ways of Knowing the Past 11
 
True or valid? 11
 
How can there be different versions of the same past? 12
 
General Thoughts about How to Consult with Stakeholders 13
 
Building trust takes time 14
 
Use ethnography 15
 
Specific Issues and Concerns 15
 
Differential power levels 15
 
Competing claims 15
 
Informed consent 17
 
When pasts conflict 18
 
What do you do if things go wrong? 18
 
Owning the Past 19
 
Where to from Here? 19
 
Acknowledgments 20
 
Further Reading 20
 
References 21
 
2 Stratigraphy 26
Jane Balme and Alistair Paterson
 
Introduction 26
 
What Is Stratigraphy? 27
 
Why Do Archaeologists Study Stratification? 27
 
How Do Different Layers Occur in Archaeological Sites? 27
 
Principles (or Laws) of Stratigraphy 29
 
Sources of disturbance 30
 
Excavation and Stratigraphy 32
 
Recording Stratifi cation 33
 
The Harris Matrix: Interpreting the spatial record 34
 
Creating Analytical Units 37
 
Case Study 2.1: Sos Höyük 38
 
Conclusions 44
 
Acknowledgments 44
 
Further Reading 44
 
Excavation 44
 
Stratigraphy and formation processes 44
 
References 44
 
3 Sediments 47
Anthony Barham and Gary Huckleberry
 
Introduction 47
 
Why Study Soils and Sediments? 48
 
Sediments and Soils - Defi ning Concepts and Terms 50
 
Field Description and Sampling 51
 
Broad principles which should be applied during sediment sampling and description 53
 
Laboratory Techniques 54
 
Granulometry 55
 
pH (acidity/alkalinity) 60
 
Color 62
 
Organic matter 63
 
Phosphorus 65
 
Case Study 3.1: Prehistoric Canals in the American Southwest 67
 
Case Study 3.2: Kennewick Man, Washington State, United States 72
 
Conclusions 76
 
Further Reading 77
 
References 77
 
4 Absolute Dating 85
Simon Holdaway
 
Introduction 85
 
Chronometry 86
 
Radiocarbon 86
 
Dendrochronology 90
 
Isotopic methods 91
 
Radiogenic methods 92
 
Chemical and biological methods 94
 
Geomorphic methods 95
 
Limits on Chronometric Techniques 96
 
Maximum limits 96
 
Minimum limits 98
 
Limits on radiogenic techniques 100
 
Precision 101
 
From Age Measurement to Chronology 101
 
Temporal Resolution and Behavioral Variation 103
 
Fidelity and resolution 104
 
Bayesian analysis 105
 
Time averaging 106
 
Case Study 4.1: Bone Cave 108
 
Time perspectivism 110
 
Conclusion 110
 
Acknowledgments 111
 
Further Reading 111
 
References 111
 
5 Rock Art 118
Jo McDonald
 
Introduction 118
 
What Is Rock Art? 118
 
How is Rock Art Made? 119
 
Classification 120
 
How Is Rock Art Recorded? 122
 
Photography 123
 
Drawing and sketching 124
 
Tracing 124

Produktdetails

• Autoren: Balme, Jane (University of Western Australia Balme, Jane Paterson Balme, Paterson
• Mitarbeit: Jane Balme (Herausgeber), Jane (University of Western Australia Balme (Herausgeber), Balme Jane (Herausgeber), Paterson (Herausgeber), Alistair Paterson (Herausgeber), Alistair (University of Western Australia Paterson (Herausgeber), Paterson Alistair (Herausgeber)
• Verlag: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Sprache: Englisch
• Produktform: Taschenbuch
• Erschienen: 04.06.2013
• EAN: 9780470657164
• ISBN: 978-0-470-65716-4
• Seiten: 488
• Themen: Geisteswissenschaften, Kunst, Musik > Geschichte > Altertum; Archäologie, Geschichtswissenschaft, Archaeology, Allg. Archäologie