Mehr lesen
Mutual Coupling Between Antennas
A guide to mutual coupling between various types of antennas in arrays such as wires, apertures and microstrip patches or antennas co-sited on platforms
Mutual Coupling Between Antennas explores the theoretical underpinnings of mutual coupling, offers an up-to-date description of the physical effects of mutual coupling for a variety of antennas, and contains techniques for analysing and assessing its effects. The book puts the topic in historical context, presents an integral equation approach, includes the current techniques, measurement methods, and discusses the most recent advances in the field.
With contributions from noted experts on the topic, the book reviews practical aspects of mutual coupling and examines applications that clearly demonstrate where the performance is impacted both positively and negatively. Mutual Coupling Between Antennas contains information on how mutual coupling can be analysed with a wide range of methods from direct computer software using discrete methods, to integral equations and Greens function methods as well as approximate asymptotic methods. This important text:
* Provides a theoretical background for understanding mutual coupling between various types of antennas
* Describes the interaction that occurs between antennas, both planned and unplanned
* Explores a key aspect of arrays in any wireless, radar or sensing system operating at radio frequencies
* Offers a groundbreaking book on antenna mutual coupling
Written for antenna engineers, technical specialists, researchers and students, Mutual Coupling Between Antennas is the first book to examine mutual coupling between various types of antennas including wires, horns, microstrip patches, MIMO antennas, co-sited antennas and arrays in planar or conformal configurations.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvii
List of Contributors xix
Notation xxi
1 Introduction 1
Trevor S. Bird
1.1 Aims and Scope 1
1.2 Historical Perspective 3
1.3 Overview of Text 4
References 7
2 Basics of Antenna Mutual Coupling 9
Trevor S. Bird
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 Electromagnetic Field Quantities 9
2.2.1 Definitions 9
2.2.2 Field Representations in Source-Free Regions 11
2.3 Mutual Coupling Between Elementary Sources 12
2.3.1 Radiation 12
2.3.2 Generalized Infinitesimal Current Elements 14
2.3.3 Mutual Coupling Between Infinitesimal Current Elements 15
2.4 Network Representation of Mutual Coupling 18
2.4.1 Extension to Combination of Elements 18
2.4.2 Mutual Impedance and Admittance Matrix Formulation 19
2.4.3 Scattering Matrix Representation 20
2.5 Radiation from Antennas in the Presence of Mutual Coupling 23
2.5.1 Far-Field Radiation 23
2.5.2 Magnetic Current Only 25
2.5.3 Electric Current Only 25
2.6 Conclusion 26
References 26
3 Methods in the Analysis of Mutual Coupling in Antennas 27
Trevor S. Bird
3.1 Introduction 27
3.2 Mutual Coupling in Antennas with Continuous Sources 30
3.2.1 Impedance and Admittance with Continuous Sources 30
3.2.2 Reaction 31
3.2.3 Definition of Circuit Quantities 32
3.3 On Finite and Infinite Arrays 34
3.3.1 Finite Array Analysis by Element-by-Element Method 35
3.3.2 Infinite Periodic Array Analysis 36
3.4 Integral Equation Methods Used in Coupling Analysis 36
3.4.1 Introduction 36
3.4.2 Green's Function Methods 37
3.4.2.1 Free-Space Green's Function for Harmonic Sources 38
3.4.2.2 Free-Space Green's Function for Transient Sources 40
3.4.2.3 Fields with Sources 40
3.4.3 Solution by Weighted Residuals 43
3.5 Some Other Methods Used in Coupling Analysis 46
3.5.1 Unit Cell Analysis in Periodic Structure Method 46
3.5.2 Mode Matching Methods 51
3.5.3 Moment Methods 52
3.5.4 Method of Characteristic Modes 52
3.5.5 Minimum Scattering Element Method 53
3.6 Practical Aspects of Numerical Methods in Mutual Coupling Analysis 54
3.6.1 Introduction 54
3.6.2 Numerical Quadrature 55
3.6.3 Matrix Inversion 56
3.7 Conclusion 58
References 59
4 Mutual Coupling in Arrays of Wire Antennas 63
Trevor S. Bird
4.1 Introduction 63
4.2 Formulation of the Problem 63
4.2.1 Moment Method 66
4.2.2 Moment Method Solution for the Dipole 67
4.3 Mutual Impedance 68
4.3.1 Closed Form Expressions for Mutual Impedance 70
4.3.2 Asymptotic Approximations to Mutual Impedance 73
4.4 Arrays of Wire Antennas 76
4.4.1 Full-Wave Dipole Above a Perfect Ground 77
4.4.2 The Yagi-Uda Array 80
4.4.3 7 x 7 array of closely packed elements 83
4.5 Concluding Remarks 84
References 84
5 Arrays of Planar Aperture Antennas 87
Trevor S. Bird
5.1 Introduction 87
5.2 Mutual Coupling in Waveguide and Horn Arrays 88
5.2.1 Integral Equation Formulation 88
5.2.2 Modal Representation 91
5.2.3 Modeling of Profiled Horns and Mode Matching 94
5.2.4 Asymptotic Approximation of Mutual Admittance 97
5.3 Coupling in Rectangular Waveguides and Horns 99
5.3.1
Über den Autor / die Autorin
Trevor S. Bird, PhD, is Principal Antengenuity, Distinguished Visiting Professor University of Technology, Sydney, and Adjunct Professor Macquarie University, Australia.
