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Handbook for Process Safety in Laboratories and Pilot Plants
Effectively manage physical and chemical risks in your laboratory or pilot plant
In Handbook for Process Safety in Laboratories and Pilot Plants: A Risk-based Approach, the Center for Chemical Process Safety delivers a comprehensive and authoritative presentation of process safety procedures and methods for use in laboratories and pilot plants (LAPPs). Of the four broad hazard categories -- chemical, physical, biological, and ionizing radiation -- this book focuses on the two most common: chemical and physical hazards. It addresses the storage and handling of the hazardous materials associated with activities commonly performed in LAPPs and presents many of the physical and chemical analytical techniques used to verify and validate the efficacy of safety management systems.
This book will present tools and techniques for effectively managing the risks in any laboratory or pilot plant using engineered and administrative controls, as well as the CCPS Risk Based Process Safety (RBPS) Management Systems.
Readers will also find:
* A thorough introduction to process safety
* Comprehensive explorations of understanding hazards and risks, as well as managing risk with engineered controls, administrative controls, and RBPS Management Systems
* Practical discussions of how to learn from the experiences of your own LAPP and others
* Detailed case reports and examples, as well as practical tools, control banding strategies, and glass equipment design
Perfect for any LAPP staff member working with or managing hazardous materials, Handbook for Process Safety in Laboratories and Pilot Plants: A Risk-based Approach will also benefit LAPP engineering and scientific professionals, LAPP technical support staff, and LAPP managers.
The Center for Chemical Process Safety is a world leader in developing and distributing information on process safety management and technology. Since 1985, CCPS has published over 100 books in its process safety guidelines and concept series, 33 training modules as part of its Safety in Chemical Engineering Education series, and over 220 online offerings.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
List of Figures x
List of Tables xi
Abbreviations and Acronyms xii
Glossary xv
Acknowledgments xxii
Dedication xxiv
Online Materials Accompanying this Handbook xxv
Preface xxvii
Part 1 - Introduction and Overview 1
1 Purpose and Scope 3
1.1 Purpose 3
1.2 Scope of Book and Target Audience 4
1.3 Terms for Laboratories and Pilot Plants 5
1.4 Distinctions between Laboratories and Pilot Plants 7
1.5 Organization of This Handbook 8
2 Managing Risk to Prevent Incidents 13
2.1 Some LAPP Characteristics 13
2.2 Safety in Laboratories and Pilot Plants 24
2.3 Where to Start with a Risk-based Approach in the LAPP 25
2.4 Gain Leadership Support to Implement Risk Based Process Safety 29
2.5 Laboratory Safety Management System Considerations 29
2.6 Resources for Risk Based Process Safety Management System 31
3 Leaks and Spills in the LAPP 35
3.1 Leaks of Hazardous Materials 35
3.2 Spills of Hazardous Materials 38
Part 2 - Committing to Process Safety 39
4 LAPP Risk Management Concepts 41
4.1 Occupational Safety and Process Safety 41
4.2 Hierarchy of Controls 41
4.3 Inherently Safer Design (ISD) 42
4.4 Basic Risk Concepts 44
4.5 A Risk Management Program 47
4.6 Anatomy of an Incident 48
4.7 Preventive and Mitigative Safeguards 49
4.8 Applying a Risk-Based Approach in a LAPP 51
5 Process Safety Culture in the LAPP 55
5.1 RBPS Element 1: Process Safety Culture 55
5.2 Leaders' Responsibilities for Positive Safety Culture 58
5.3 Resources and Examples for Process Safety Culture 59
6 Standards for the LAPP 63
6.1 RBPS Element 2: Compliance with Standards 63
6.2 Risk Management Focus 65
6.3 Different Codes and Standards When Scaling Up from Laboratory to Pilot Plant 65
6.4 Jurisdictional Requirements 67
6.5 Resources for Compliance with Standards 67
7 Process Safety Competency and Training in the LAPP 69
7.1 RBPS Element 3: Process Safety Competency 69
7.2 RBPS Element 12: Training and Performance Assurance 72
8 Workforce Involvement and Stakeholder Outreach in the LAPP 79
8.1 RBPS Element 4: Workforce Involvement 79
8.2 RBPS Element 5: Stakeholder Outreach 82
Part 3 - Understanding Hazards and Risks 83
9 Process Safety Knowledge Management in the LAPP 85
9.1 RBPS Element 6: Process Knowledge Management 85
9.2 Overview of Information and Data Needs 86
9.3 Sources of Information and Data 89
9.4 Process Safety Information during Scale-up 92
10 Types of Hazards 95
10.1 Reactive Chemistry Hazards 95
10.2 Toxicity Hazards 115
10.3 Flammability and Combustibility Hazards 121
10.4 Temperature Hazards 137
10.5 Overpressure Hazards 140
10.6 Other Common LAPP Hazards 142
Table of Contents vii ix
11 Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis (HIRA) in the LAPP 153
11.1 RBPS Element 7: Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis 153
11.2 HIRA Team Members 156
11.3 HIRA Approaches Used in LAPPs 156
11.4 Qualitative versus Quantitative Analysis of Risks in LAPPs 165
11.5 ACS Hazard Analysis Tools 168
11.6 Evaluating the Effort Level for HIRAs 168
11.7 Determining the Extent of the HIRAs 169
Part 4 - Managing Risk: Engineered Controls 171
Über den Autor / die Autorin
Since 1985, the
Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) has been the global leader in developing and disseminating information on process safety management and technology. CCPS, an industry technology alliance of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), has published over 100 books in its process safety guidelines and process safety concepts series, and over 100 training modules through its Safety in Chemical Engineering Education (SACHE) series.
Zusammenfassung
This book provides guidance on what can be done from a management systems perspective to identify hazards and manage risks of loss of containment events in chemical laboratories and pilot plants.
