An Introduction to Fire Dynamics

Informationen zum Autor Professor Dougal Drysdale recently retired from the University of Edinburgh, where he maintains the position of Emeritus Professor of Fire Safety Engineering. He is a past president of the International Association for Fire Safety Science. His research interests include spontaneous combustion, fire dynamics and behaviour, and fire investigation. Klappentext "Drysdale's book is by far the most comprehensive - everyone in the office has a copy...now including me. It holds just about everything you need to know about fire science." (Review of An Introduction to Fire Dynamics, 2nd edition ) After 25 years as a bestseller, Dougal Drysdale's classic introduction has been brought up-to-date and expanded to incorporate the latest research and experimental data.  Homework problems are included, with solutions, and others are available on the accompanying website at www.wiley.com/go/drysdale.  Essential reading for all involved in the field from undergraduate and postgraduate students to practising fire safety engineers and fire prevention officers, An Introduction to Fire Dynamics is unique in that it addresses the fundamentals of fire science and fire dynamics, thus providing the scientific background necessary for the development of fire safety engineering as a professional discipline. An Introduction to Fire Dynamics Includes experimental data relevant to the understanding of fire behaviour of materials; Features numerical problems with answers illustrating the quantitative applications of the concepts presented; Extensively course-tested at Worcester Polytechnic Institute and the University of Edinburgh, and widely adopted throughout the world; Will appeal to all those working in fire safety engineering and related disciplines. Zusammenfassung This new edition of the leading introduction to the science of fire phenomena is complete with the latest research, data and additional problems. It is unique in its identification of fire science and fire dynamics as well as scientific background necessary for the development of fire safety engineering as a professional discipline. Inhaltsverzeichnis About the Author xi Preface to the Second Edition xiii Preface to the Third Edition xv List of Symbols and Abbreviations xvii 1 Fire Science and Combustion 1 1.1 Fuels and the Combustion Process 2 1.1.1 The Nature of Fuels 2 1.1.2 Thermal Decomposition and Stability of Polymers 6 1.2 The Physical Chemistry of Combustion in Fires 12 1.2.1 The Ideal Gas Law 14 1.2.2 Vapour Pressure of Liquids 18 1.2.3 Combustion and Energy Release 19 1.2.4 The Mechanism of Gas Phase Combustion 26 1.2.5 Temperatures of Flames 30 Problems 34 2 Heat Transfer 35 2.1 Summary of the Heat Transfer Equations 36 2.2 Conduction 38 2.2.1 Steady State Conduction 38 2.2.2 Non-steady State Conduction 40 2.2.3 Numerical Methods of Solving Time-dependent Conduction P roblems 48 2.3 Convection 52 2.4 Radiation 59 2.4.1 Configuration Factors 64 2.4.2 Radiation from Hot Gases and Non-luminous Flames 72 2.4.3 Radiation from Luminous Flames and Hot Smoky Gases 76 Problems 79 3 Limits of Flammability and Premixed Flames 83 3.1 Limits of Flammability 83 3.1.1 Measurement of Flammability Limits 83 3.1.2 Characterization of the Lower Flammability Limit 88 3.1.3 Dependence of Flammability Limits on Temperature and Pressure 91 3.1.4 Flammability Diagrams 94 3.2 The Structure of a Premixed Flame 97 3.3 Heat Losses from Premixed Flames 101 3.4 Measurement of Bu...

Inhaltsverzeichnis

About the Author xi
 
Preface to the Second Edition xiii
 
Preface to the Third Edition xv
 
List of Symbols and Abbreviations xvii
 
1 Fire Science and Combustion 1
 
1.1 Fuels and the Combustion Process 2
 
1.1.1 The Nature of Fuels 2
 
1.1.2 Thermal Decomposition and Stability of Polymers 6
 
1.2 The Physical Chemistry of Combustion in Fires 12
 
1.2.1 The Ideal Gas Law 14
 
1.2.2 Vapour Pressure of Liquids 18
 
1.2.3 Combustion and Energy Release 19
 
1.2.4 The Mechanism of Gas Phase Combustion 26
 
1.2.5 Temperatures of Flames 30
 
Problems 34
 
2 Heat Transfer 35
 
2.1 Summary of the Heat Transfer Equations 36
 

2.2 Conduction 38
 
2.2.1 Steady State Conduction 38
 
2.2.2 Non-steady State Conduction 40
 
2.2.3 Numerical Methods of Solving Time-dependent Conduction Problems 48
 
2.3 Convection 52
 
2.4 Radiation 59
 
2.4.1 Configuration Factors 64
 
2.4.2 Radiation from Hot Gases and Non-luminous Flames 72
 
2.4.3 Radiation from Luminous Flames and Hot Smoky Gases 76
 
Problems 79
 
3 Limits of Flammability and Premixed Flames 83
 
3.1 Limits of Flammability 83
 
3.1.1 Measurement of Flammability Limits 83
 
3.1.2 Characterization of the Lower Flammability Limit 88
 
3.1.3 Dependence of Flammability Limits on Temperature and Pressure 91
 
3.1.4 Flammability Diagrams 94
 
3.2 The Structure of a Premixed Flame 97
 
3.3 Heat Losses from Premixed Flames 101
 
3.4 Measurement of Burning Velocities 106
 
3.5 Variation of Burning Velocity with Experimental Parameters 109
 
3.5.1 Variation of Mixture Composition 110
 
3.5.2 Variation of Temperature 111
 
3.5.3 Variation of Pressure 112
 
3.5.4 Addition of Suppressants 113
 
3.6 The Effect of Turbulence 116
 
Problems 118
 
4 Diffusion Flames and Fire Plumes 121
 
4.1 Laminar Jet Flames 123
 
4.2 Turbulent Jet Flames 128
 
4.3 Flames from Natural Fires 130
 
4.3.1 The Buoyant Plume 132
 
4.3.2 The Fire Plume 139
 
4.3.3 Interaction of the Fire Plume with Compartment Boundaries 151
 
4.3.4 The Effect of Wind on the Fire Plume 163
 
4.4 Some Practical Applications 165
 
4.4.1 Radiation from Flames 166
 
4.4.2 The Response of Ceiling-mounted Fire Detectors 169
 
4.4.3 Interaction between Sprinkler Sprays and the Fire Plume 171
 
4.4.4 The Removal of Smoke 172
 
4.4.5 Modelling 174
 
Problems 178
 
5 Steady Burning of Liquids and Solids 181
 
5.1 Burning of Liquids 182
 
5.1.1 Pool Fires 182
 
5.1.2 Spill Fires 193
 
5.1.3 Burning of Liquid Droplets 194
 
5.1.4 Pressurized and Cryogenic Liquids 197
 
5.2 Burning of Solids 199
 
5.2.1 Burning of Synthetic Polymers 199
 
5.2.2 Burning of Wood 209
 
5.2.3 Burning of Dusts and Powders 221
 
Problems 223
 
6 Ignition: The Initiation of Flaming Combustion 225
 
6.1 Ignition of Flammable Vapour/Air Mixtures 225
 
6.2 Ignition of Liquids 235
 
6.2.1 Ignition of Low Flashpoint Liquids 241
 
6.2.2 Ignition of High Flashpoint Liquids 242
 

6.2.3 Auto-ignition of Liquid Fuels 245
 
6.3 Piloted Ignition of Solids 247
 
6.3.1 Ignition during a Constant Heat Flux 250
 
6.3.2 Ignition Involving a 'Discontinuous' Heat Flux 263
 
6.4 Spontaneous Ignition of Solids 269
 
6.5 Surface Ignition b

Produktdetails

• Autoren: Dougal Drysdale, D Drysdale, Dougal Drysdale, Drysdale Dougal
• Verlag: Blackwell Scientific Publishers Ltd
• Sprache: Englisch
• Produktform: Taschenbuch
• Erschienen: 26.08.2011
• EAN: 9780470319031
• ISBN: 978-0-470-31903-1
• Abmessung: 173 mm x 247 mm x 30 mm
• Themen: Naturwissenschaften, Medizin, Informatik, Technik > Technik > Bau- und Umwelttechnik; Feuer, Verbrennung, Forensik, Life Sciences, Biowissenschaften, Brandschutz, Flamme, Forensic Science, Fire protection, Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen, Civil Engineering & Construction, Naturwissenschaften / Allgemein