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Quinoa is an ancient grain that has grown in popularity in recent years. It has been known as a good source of both protein and fiber. As the demand for quinoa increases a comprehensive and up-to-date reference on the biology and production of the crop is essential. Quinoa: Improvement and Sustainable Production brings together authors from around the world to provide a complete assessment of the current state of global quinoa research and production. Topics covered include quinoa history and culture, genomics and breeding, agronomy, nutrition, marketing, and end-uses. The book focuses in particular on the emerging role of quinoa in providing increased food security to smallholder farmers and communities throughout the world.
Quinoa will interest quinoa researchers, producers, crop scientists, agronomists, and plant geneticists, as well as advanced students working with this important grain.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Chapter 1 Quinoa: an Incan Crop to Face Global Changes in Agriculture
Juan Antonio González,Sayed Eisa, Sayed Hussin, and Fernando E. Prado
Introduction
A Brief History of Quinoa Cultivation
Nutritional Value of Quinoa Seed
Botanical and Genetic Characteristics of the Quinoa Plant
Quiona and Environmental Stresses: Drought and Salinity
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 History of Quinoa: Its Origin, Domestication, Diversification and Cultivation with Particular Reference to the Chilean Context
Enrique A. Martínez, Francisco F. Fuentes, Didier Bazile
Abstract
Quinoa Origins in the Central Andes
Ancient Expansion to Southern Latitudes in Chile
Re-introduction of Quinoa in Arid Chile after Local Extinction
Final remarks
References
Chapter 3 Agroecological and Agronomic Cultural Practices of Quinoa in South America
Magali Garcia, Bruno Condori, and Carmen Del Castillo
Introduction
Andean Domestication
Botanical and Taxonomical Description
Genetic Background and Research on Quinoa Genetics
Ecology and Phytogeography
Quinoa Production
Climate
Drought Resistance
Temperature and Photoperiod
Hail
Cultivation
Sowing
Fertilization of Quinoa
Cultural Practices
Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation
Biotic Threats: Pests and Diseases
Seed Harvest and Post-harvest Technology
References
Chapter 4 Trends in Quinoa Yield Over the Southern Bolivian Altiplano: Lessons from Climate and Land-Use Projections
Serge Rambal, Jean-Pierre Ratte, Florent Mouillot, and Thierry Winkel
Summary
Introduction
Material and Methods
The Study Area
Recent Past and Present Climate
Source of Climate Scenarios
Simulating the Yield Index at Local or Plot Scale
The Soil Water Balance Model
Scenarios of Land Use / Land Cover Changes
Scaling Local Yield Index up to the Region
Results
Drought History Over the Area
Climate Projections and Soil Drought Limitation
Time Variation of Yield at Local or Plot Scale
Model Results at Landscape Level
Discussion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 5 The Potential of Using Natural Enemies and Chemical Compounds in Quinoa for Biological Control of Insect Pests
Mariana Valoy, Carmen Reguilón, and Griselda Podazza
Introduction
Insects in Quinoa
Insect Pests of Quinoa
Beneficial Insects in Quinoa
Parasitoids
Predators
Entomophatogens
Chemical Responses of Quinoa to Insect Herbivory
Quinoa Secondary Metabolites
Terpenoid Compounds
Phenolic Compounds
Potential of Biological Control in Quinoa
Potential for Ecological Management in Quinoa
References
Chapter 6 Quinoa Breeding
Luz Gomez Pando
History-Domestication Process
Collection of Genetic Resources
Goals and Methods of Quinoa Breeding
Requirement of the farmers
Higher Yield
Plant Height
Stalk Strength
Life Cycle
Resistance to Biotic Stresses
Resistance to Abiotic Stresses
Plant Morphology
Harvest Index
Requirement of the Industry and Consumers
Protein Content and Composition
Seed Characteristics
Methods
Über den Autor / die Autorin
Dr. Kevin Murphy is a Plant Breeder and Assistant Professor at Washington State University focusing on quinoa, barley, and several other alternative grain crops. Dr. Murphy currently is the lead project director on a $1.6M, multistate and multidisciplinary NIFA-funded quinoa research project spanning much of the western United States. Dr. Murphy actively collaborates and communicates with most of the leading quinoa researchers worldwide and leads a vibrant quinoa breeding program at Washington State University. He has published over 20 peer reviewed journal articles on plant breeding and agronomy, including three book chapters. Dr. Murphy is an Associate Editor with Agronomy Journal and has served as a guest editor of a special issue of the peer-reviewed journal Sustainability. He is working with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization Academic Impact Team as it prepares for the 2013 International Year of Quinoa.
Janet B. Matanguihan, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University Pullman, WA, USA.
Zusammenfassung
Quinoa is an ancient grain that has grown in popularity in recent years. It has been known as a good source of both protein and fiber. As the demand for quinoa increases a comprehensive and up-to-date reference on the biology and production of the crop is essential.
