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Metaphysics deals with truth, existence and goodness; it also considers change, time and causation, which characterise the physical world, and thought and language. We are familiar with all these things, but when we try to say what they are we become tongue-tied.William Charlton draws a line between lexicography, which lists words, and grammar, which specifies constructions for various forms of speech. Both words and constructions have meaning, but in different ways, and he argues that the topics of metaphysics are expressed primarily by constructions. He surveys the history of philosophy from classical Greece to the present day, he shows how metaphysics and grammar grew up in tandem, and he connects the difficulties philosophers have encountered, especially since the Enlightenment, with a failure to grasp the significance for metaphysics of grammar as distinct from lexicography. M physics and Grammar presents metaphysics as an art, not a science. It takes the traditional topics in turn; it brings out the relation between each of them and a form of speech; and it argues that these forms of speech provide us with our only reliable access to our nature as conscious beings acting in a physical world.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1 Introduction
2 How Metaphysics Arose
3 Grammar and lexicography
4 Wittgenstein and Chomsky on Grammar
5 Truth and predication
6 Existence and quantification
7 Goodness, counsels and commands
8 Change and tense
9 Time and aspect
10 Causation
11 Materiality
12 Thinking
13 Saying
14 Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
Über den Autor / die Autorin
William Charlton was Head of the Philosophy Department at Edinburgh University, UK. He has taught Humanity at Glasgow University and Philosophy at Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
