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Informationen zum Autor Robert Crichton and Roberta Ward, Unit of Biochemistry, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium Klappentext Neurodegenerative diseases of the human brain appear in various forms, resulting in disorders of movement and coordination, cognitive deterioration and psychiatric disturbances. Many of the key factors leading to neurodegenerative diseases are similar, including the dysfunction of metal ion homeostasis, redox-active metal ions generating oxidative stress, and intracellular inclusion bodies.Metal-based Neurodegeneration presents a detailed survey of the molecular origins of neurodegenerative diseases. Each chapter is dedicated to a specific disease, presenting the latest scientific findings, including details of their biochemical actors (proteins or peptides), their normal and pathological conformations, and a description of the diseases characteristics, with an emphasis on the role of metal-induced oxidative stress, which can result in the production of intracellular aggregates of target proteins and peptides.Topics covered include:* Brain function, physiology and the blood-brain barrier* Immune system and neuroinflammation* Aging and mild cognitive impairment, MCI* Parkinson's Disease* Alzheimer's Disease* Creutzfelt-Jakob and related prion diseases* Alcoholic Brain Damage* Therapeutic strategies to combat the onset and progression of neurological diseasesThis extensively updated, full colour, second edition of Metal-based Neurodegeneration is an essential text for research scientists and clinicians working in gerontology, neuropathology, neurochemistry, and metalloprotein mechanisms. Zusammenfassung This exciting new edition examines the causes of debilitating neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, CJD, and Huntington's disease, and gives indications of the prospects for therapy based on the understanding of molecular defects involved in these diseases. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xi 1 Brain Function, Physiology and the Blood-Brain Barrier 1 1.1 Introduction - An Overview of Brain Structure and Function 1 1.1.1 The Forebrain 1 1.1.2 The Midbrain 4 1.1.3 The Hindbrain 4 1.2 The Cell Types of the Brain 7 1.2.1 Neurons 7 1.2.2 Glial Cells 11 1.3 The Blood-Brain Barrier 19 References 21 2 Role of Metal Ions in Brain Function, Metal Transport, Storage and Homoeostasis 23 2.1 Introduction - The Importance of Metal Ions in Brain Function 23 2.2 Sodium, Potassium and Calcium Channels and Pumps 24 2.3 Calcium and Signal Transduction 30 2.4 Zinc, Copper and Iron 37 2.5 Zinc 37 2.6 Copper 41 2.7 Iron 42 References 48 3 Immune System and Neuroinflammation 51 3.1 General Introduction 51 3.1.1 Innate Immune Response and Neuroinflammation 51 3.1.2 Adaptive Immunity and Neuroinflammation 58 3.1.3 Adaptive Immunity and Neuroinflammation 59 3.1.4 Other Factors Contributing to Neuroinflammation 60 3.1.5 Anti-inflammatory Systems to Regulate Microglia Activation 60 3.2 Apoptosis 63 3.2.1 Iron Metabolic Regulators and Effectors during Inflammation 68 References 72 4 Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases 75 4.1 Introduction - The Oxygen Paradox 75 4.2 Reactive Oxygen Species 76 4.3 Reactive Nitrogen Species 79 4.4 Cellular Defence Mechanisms against Oxidative Stress 82 4.5 ROS, RNS and Cellular Signalling 87 4.6 ROS, RNS and Oxidative Damage 91 4.7 Epigenetics 97 4.7.1 Histone Modifications 100 4.8 Misfolded Protein Aggregates in Neurodegenerative Diseases 101 4.9 The Amyloid State - Structure, Nucleation and Aggregation 102 References 107 5 Ageing and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) 111 5.1 Introduction 111 5.1.1 Gene Invol...
