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In May 1985 the University of Massachusetts held the first conference on the parameter setting model of grammar and acquisition. The conference was conceived in the belief that there is a new possibility of tightly connecting grammatical studies and language acquisition studies, and that this new possibility has grown out of the new generation of ideas about the relation of Universal Grammar to the grammar of particular languages. The papers in this volume are all concerned in one way or another with the 'parametric' model of grammar, and with its role in explaining the acquisition of language. Before summarizing the accompanying papers, I would like to sketch the intellectual background of these new ideas. It has long been the acknowledged goal of grammatical theorists to explicate the relation between the experience of the child and the knowledge of the adult. Somehow, the child selects a unique grammar (by assumption) compatible with a random partially unreliable sample of some language. In the earliest work in generative grammar, starting with Chomsky's Aspects, and extending to such works as Jackendoffs Lexicalist Syntax (1977), the model of this account was the formal evaluation metric, accompanied by a general rule writing system. The model of acquisition was the following: the child composed a grammar by writing rules in the rule writing system, under the constraint that the rules must be compatible with the data, and that the grammar must be the one most highly valued by the evaluation metric.
Sommario
The Theory of Parameters and Syntactic Development.- Comments on Hyams.- Parameters and Learnability in Binding Theory.- Comments on Wexler and Manzini.- Deductive Parameters and the Growth of Empty Categories.- The Maturation of Syntax.- Comments on Borer and Wexler.- Parameter Setting and the Development of Pronouns and Reflexives.- Comments on Solan.- The Pro-Drop Parameter in Second Language Acquisition.- A Note on Phinney.- List of Contributors.
Relazione
`These papers represent the best current thinking by linguists of how contemporary theories of grammar can help to explain real time acquisition. The essays are both theoretically sensitive and empirically reasonable. Roeper and Williams' collection will be useful to psychologists and linguists alike.'
Norbert Hornstein, Associate Professor, University of Maryland
