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The development of analytical methods in food analysis has undergone significant advancements over the years, driven by the increasing complexity of food matrices, the need for accurate and rapid analysis, and the growing awareness of food safety and quality. In terms of the techniques that are used to name a few common examples, the range of instruments includes: 1) Classical Methods: gravimetry, titrimetry, and colorimetry were widely used for food analysis; 2) Chromatography Techniques: gas chromatography and liquid chromatography have become fundamental techniques in food analysis; 3) Spectroscopy Techniques: UV-Visible, Infrared, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, provide information about the chemical composition, structure, and functional groups present in food components; 4) Mass Spectrometry: coupled with chromatography, has become indispensable in food analysis; 5) Molecular Techniques: Polymerase Chain Reaction and other molecular techniques are employed for the detection of genetic material in food, addressing issues related to food authenticity, traceability, and the presence of genetically modified organisms; 7) Data Analysis and Automation: advances in data analysis, including chemometrics and machine learning, enhance the interpretation of complex data generated by modern analytical techniques.
An overview of the key stages and trends in the development of analytical methods for food analysis is presented in this reprint.
