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Water harvesting is gaining more and more recognition as a sustainable and resilient water supply options. It is economically viable, socially compatible and environmentally friendly. Water harvesting has proven to be a robust solution to overcome or reduce water shortages all over the world. It is important to understand how to apply this practice in a sustainable and effective way to make full use of its potential in a world increasingly threatened by water scarcity.
The Handbook of Water Harvesting and Conservation: Basic Concepts and Fundamentals is the most comprehensive, up-to-date and applied handbook on water harvesting and conservation yet published. The book's 30 chapters -- written by 84 outstanding international experts from approximately 20 selected countries faced by drought -- explore, critique and develop concepts and systems for water harvesting. The editors bring together many perspectives into a synthesis that is both academically based and practical in its potential applications.
The Handbook of Water Harvesting and Conservation: Basic Concepts and Fundamentals is an important tool for education, research and technical works in the areas of soil, water and watershed management and is highly useful for drought strategy planning, flood management and developing techniques to adapt to climate change in urban, agricultural, forest and rangeland areas.
Sommario
List of Contributors xxi
About the Editors xxvii
Part A Concepts and Standards for a Secure Water Harvesting 1
1 Concept and Technology of Rainwater Harvesting 3
Fayez Abdulla, Cealeen Abdulla, and Saeid Eslamian
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Concept of Rainwater Harvesting 4
1.3 Technologies of Rainwater Harvesting 5
1.3.1 Micro-Catchment Systems 6
1.3.1.1 Rooftop System 6
1.3.1.2 On-Farm Systems 7
1.3.2 Macro-Catchment Systems 7
1.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of Rainwater Harvesting 8
1.4.1 Advantages of Roof Rainwater Harvesting (RRWH) 8
1.4.2 Disadvantages of RRWH 10
1.5 Feasibility of Rainwater Harvesting across Different Climatic Zones 10
1.5.1 Physical Feasibility 10
1.5.2 Technical Aspects 10
1.5.3 Social Aspects 11
1.5.4 Financial Aspects 11
1.6 Roof Rainwater Harvesting System Components 11
1.6.1 Catchment Area 11
1.6.2 Conveyance System 12
1.6.3 Storage Tank 12
1.6.4 First Flush 13
1.7 Calculation of Potential HarvestedWater 13
1.8 Water Quality and its Health and Environmental Impacts 14
1.9 System Operation and Maintenance 14
1.10 Conclusion 15
References 15
2 Rainwater Harvesting: Recent Developments and Contemporary Measures 17
Aline Pires Veról, Marcelo Gomes Miguez, Elaine Garrido Vazquez, Fernanda Rocha Thomaz, Bruna Peres Battemarco, and Assed Naked Haddad
2.1 Introduction 17
2.2 Water Resource Management 18
2.2.1 Water Supply 19
2.2.2 Water Demands 19
2.2.3 Water Scarcity 19
2.2.4 Regulatory Framework 21
2.2.5 Recent Developments 21
2.2.5.1 Water-Energy Nexus 22
2.2.5.2 Net-Zero Water Buildings 24
2.3 Water Management at the Building Scale 25
2.3.1 Design of a Rainwater Harvesting System 26
2.3.1.1 Collection Surface (or Roof Surface) 26
2.3.1.2 Gutters and Pipes 26
2.3.1.3 Storage Tanks (Reservoirs) 27
2.3.1.4 Rainwater Treatment Systems 32
2.3.1.5 Rainwater Pumping Station 33
2.3.1.6 Water Supply System (Water Pipes) 33
2.3.2 Source Control Systems 33
2.4 Analysis of Payback of Rainwater Harvesting Systems 34
2.5 Conclusion 35
Acknowledgment 35
References 36
3 Standards for Rainwater Catchment Design 39
Sisuru Sendanayake and Saeid Eslamian
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Catchment Surface 40
3.2.1 Collection Efficiency 41
3.2.2 Pollutants on the Catchment Surface 41
3.3 Conveyance System 42
3.3.1 Filtering Devices in RWH Systems 43
3.4 Storage Tank 44
3.4.1 Sizing of the Storage Tank 44
3.4.1.1 General Methods of Determining the Tank Capacities of RTRWHS 44
3.4.1.2 Sizing Based on Supply (Mass Balance Method or Rainfall Mass Curve Analysis) 44
3.4.1.3 Sizing Based on Computer Models 45
3.4.1.4 Sizing Based on Design Charts 45
3.4.2 Advanced Methods of Determining Optimum Tank Capacities of RTRWH Systems 45
3.4.2.1 Critical Period Model 45
3.4.2.2 Moran Model 45
3.4.2.3 Behavioral Models 45
3.4.3 Investigating the Performance of RTRWH System Using the Behavioral Model 45
3.4.3.1 Yield after Spillage (YAS) Operating Model 46
3.4.3.2 Predicting the Performance of the RTRWH System Using the Behavioral Model 46
3.4.3.3 Generic Curves for System Performance of a RTRWH System 47
3.4.3
Info autore
SAEID ESLAMIAN, Isfahan University of Technology.
FAEZEH ESLAMIAN, McGill University.
