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Antonio Gramsci used the term 'passive revolution' to describe the limitations and weaknesses of the 19th century bourgeois state in Italy which permitted economic development whilst thwarting social and political progress. This detailed study consists of seven essays each exploring a different theme of the economic and social basis of the Liberal state, providing a broad understanding of the background against the emergence of Italian fascism and present a number of debates and controversies amongst Italian historians. By critical discussion of Gramsci's reading of modern Italian history, the essays present an analysis of the structure and development of social and economic relations in the formation of the Liberal state, illustrating the transition from liberalism to fascism.
Sommario
1. Introduction: Antonio Gramsci and Italy’s Passive Revolution 2. Gramsci and the Era of the Bourgeois Revolution in Italy 3. The South, the Risorgimento and the Origins of the ‘Southern Problem’ 4. Landlords, Peasants and the Limits of Liberalism 5. From Sharecropper to Proletarian: the Background to Fascism in Rural Tuscany, 1880-1920 6. Agrarians and Industrialists: the Evolution of an Alliance in the Po Delta, 1896-1914 7. From Liberalism to Corporatism: the Province of Brescia during the First World War 8. Fascist Agrarian Policy and the Italian Economy in the Inter-War Years.
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