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This book presents a summary of high-pressure phase transitions of minerals and related inorganic compounds. The first part reviews the methods to investigate phase transitions by direct high-pressure and high-temperature experiments together with thermodynamic approaches that consist of calorimetric measurements and thermodynamic calculation. In the second part, phase relations and thermodynamic properties of olivine, pyroxene, garnet, spinel, perovskite, rutile, and related inorganic compounds with A2BO4, ABO3, AB2O4, and AO2 stoichiometries are described. Particular emphasis is placed on spinel- and perovskite-structured phases and their high-pressure polymorphs called post-spinel and post-perovskite phases. The last part of the book focuses on phase relations of mantle rocks and on natural high-pressure minerals from the Earth's deep mantle and in shocked meteorites.
Sommario
Introduction.- Crystal chemistry and thermodynamics of high-pressure phase transition.- High-pressure and high-temperature experiments with large-volume apparatus.- Calorimetric experiments and thermodynamic calculation of high-pressure phase relations.- Olivine - modified spinel - spinel transitions.- Phase transitions of pyroxene and garnet, and post-spinel transition forming perovskite.- Crystal chemistry, phase relations, and energetics of high-pressure ABO3 perovskites.- Post-perovskite transition in ABX3 and phase transitions in AO2.- Post-spinel transition in AB2O4.- Phase transitions in mantle rocks.- High-pressure minerals from the Earth's mantle and in shocked meteorites.
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After receiving a B.Sc. in petrology and mineralogy from Tohoku University, Masaki Akaogi earned a Ph.D. in geophysics from the University of Tokyo. Subsequently, he worked as an assistant professor and as an associate professor in the Department of Earth Sciences, Kanazawa University. He was a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Chemistry, Arizona State University in the early 1980s, and was a visiting scientist in the Department of Geosciences, Princeton University. From 1990 to 2021, he was a full professor in the Department of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, where he is currently an emeritus professor. He served as an editor of
Physics and Chemistry of Minerals (Springer) from 1997 to 2005. His research interests include high-pressure phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of silicates and related compounds with applications for clarifying mineralogy, structure, and dynamics of the Earth's interior and for synthesis of new inorganic materials. Dr. Akaogi is a fellow of the Mineralogical Society of America and of the Japan Geoscience Union. He has received awards from the Mineralogical Society of Japan and the Japan Society of High Pressure Science and Technology.
