Ulteriori informazioni
The production of doubled haploids has become a necessary tool in advanced plant breeding institutes and commercial companies for breeding many crop species. However, the development of new, more efficient and cheaper large scale production protocols has meant that doubled haploids are also recently being applied in less advanced breeding programmes. This Manual was prepared to stimulate the wider use of this technology for speeding and opening up new breeding possibilities for many crops including some woody tree species. Since the construction of genetic maps using molecular markers requires the development of segregating doubled haploid populations in numerous crop species, we hope that this Manual will also help molecular biologists in establishing such mapping populations. For many years, both the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have supported and coordinated research that focuses on development of more efficient doubled haploid production methods and their applications in breeding of new varieties and basic research through their Plant Breeding and Genetics Section of the Joint F AO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. The first F AO/IAEA scientific network (Coordinated Research Programme - CRP) dealing with doubled haploids was initiated by the Plant Breeding and Genetics Section in 1986.
Sommario
1. Production of doubled haploids in crop plants. An introduction.- 2.1. Doubled haploid production in barley using the Hordeum bulbosum (L.) technique.- 2.2. The Hordeum bulbosum (L.) method.- 2.3 Anther culture in barley.- 2.4. Barley anther culture.- 2.5. Anther culture for doubled haploid production in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).- 2.6. Barley isolated microspore culture protocol.- 2.7. Barley isolated microspore culture (IMC) method.- 2.8. Doubled haploid production in wheat through wide hybridization.- 2.9. Protocol of wheat (Triticum eastivum L.) anther culture.- 2.10. Protocol for producing doubled haploid plants from anther culture of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).- 2.11. Wheat anther culture.- 2.12. Haploid wheat isolated microspore culture protocol.- 2.13. Production of doubled haploids in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through microspore embryogenesis triggered by inducer chemicals.- 2.14. Isolated microspore culture in maize (Zea mays L.), production of doubled-haploid via induced androgenesis.- 2.15. Anther culture of maize (Zea mays L.).- 2.16. Laboratory protocol for anther culture technique in rice.- 2.17. Triticale anther culture.- 2.18. Protocol for anther culture in hexaploid triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.).- 2.19. Protocol of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) microspore culture.- 2.20. Protocol for doubled haploid production in hexaploid triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.) by crosses with maize.- 2.21. Protocol for rye anther culture.- 2.22. Microspore culture of rye.- 2.23. Oat haploids from wide hybridization.- 2.24. Haploid and doubled haploid production in dumm wheat by wide hybridization.- 2.25. Haploid and doubled haploid production in dumm wheat by anther culture.- 2.26. Anther culture and isolated microspore culture in timothy.- 2.27. Doubled haploid induction in ryegrass and other grasses.- 2.28. Microspore culture in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).- 2.29. Protocol for broccoli microspore culture.- 2.30. Microspore culture of Brassica species.- 2.31. Protocol for microspore culture in Brassica.- 2.32. Anther and microspore culture in tobacco.- 2.33. Haploid production of potatoes by anther culture.- 2.34. Anther culture through direct embryogenesis in a genetically diverse range of potato (Solanum) species and their interspecific and intergeneric hybrids.- 2.35. Potato haploid technologies.- 2.36. Anther culture of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.).- 2.37. Doubled haploid production of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.).- 2.38. Asparagus microspore and anther culture.- 2.39. In vitro gynogenesis induction and doubled haploid production in onion (Allium cepa L.).- 2.40. Haploid induction in onion via gynogenesis.- 2.41. In vitro androgenesis in apple.- 2.42. Doubled haploid production in poplar.- 2.43. Oak anther culture.- 2.44. Haploids and doubled haploids in Citrus spp..- 3. Published protocols for other crop plant species.- 4.1. Doubled haploids in breeding.- 4.2. Doubled haploid mutant production.- 4.3. Barley microspore transformation protocol by biolistic gun.- 4.4. Doubled haploids in genetic mapping and genomics.- 5.1. Cytogenetic tests for ploidy level analyses - chromosome counting.- 5.2. Ploidy determination using flow cytometry.- 6.1. Major media composition.- 6.2. Basic equipment for maize microspore culture laboratory.- List of contributors.
Riassunto
The production of doubled haploids has become a necessary tool in advanced plant breeding institutes and commercial companies for breeding many crop species. However, the development of new, more efficient and cheaper large scale production protocols has meant that doubled haploids are also recently being applied in less advanced breeding programmes. This Manual was prepared to stimulate the wider use of this technology for speeding and opening up new breeding possibilities for many crops including some woody tree species. Since the construction of genetic maps using molecular markers requires the development of segregating doubled haploid populations in numerous crop species, we hope that this Manual will also help molecular biologists in establishing such mapping populations. For many years, both the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have supported and coordinated research that focuses on development of more efficient doubled haploid production methods and their applications in breeding of new varieties and basic research through their Plant Breeding and Genetics Section of the Joint F AO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. The first F AO/IAEA scientific network (Coordinated Research Programme - CRP) dealing with doubled haploids was initiated by the Plant Breeding and Genetics Section in 1986.
