After the War - The Last Books of the Mahabharata

A new translation of the end of the Mahabharata, depicting the final years of the surviving heroes, their debates about the justice of war and the meaning of life, their ultimate deaths, and their experiences of heaven and hell. The author, a distinguished translator of Sanskrit texts, puts the text into clear, flowing, contemporary prose, with a comprehensive but unintrusive critical apparatus. This book will delight general readers and enlighten students of Indian civilization and of great world literature.

Sommario

• Contents


• Acknowledgements


• Introduction


• Part I: The Text and the Story


• The Older Generation: The Birth of Pandu, Dhritarashtra, and Vidura


• The Birth of the Sons of Pandu and Kunti


• The Marriage of Draupadi


• Part II: The Last Books of the Mahabharata


• Book Fifteen (Ashramavasika, Living in the Ashram) and Book Eleven (Stri, The Women)


• Book Sixteen (Mausala, The Battle of the Clubs), Gandhari's Curse, and Buddhist and Jain Variants


• Book Seventeen (Mahaprasthanika, The Great Departure) and Yudhishthira's Dog


• Book Eighteen (Svargarohana, Climbing to Heaven) and the Transfer of Karma


• Part III: The Meaning of the End of the Story


• Death and Transfiguration


• Theodicy and the Cause of Devastating War


• Vengeful Pride as a Cause of War


• Part IV: An Apology for My Translation


• Criticizing the Critical Edition, and Leaving Key Words in Sanskrit


• The Problem of Adjectives and Epithets


• The Poet and his Formulas, or, Parry and Lord to the Rescue


• The Translation


• Book Fifteen, Ashramavasika Parvan, The Book of Living in the Ashram


• Chapters Twenty-Six to Forty-Seven


• Preface to Book Fifteen


• Part One: Living in the Ashram


• Chapter 26: Narada Arrives and Predicts Dhritarashtra's Arrival in Heaven


• Chapter 27: Narada Predicts Dhritarashtra's Worlds


• Chapter 28: The Pandavas Worry about Their Mother and Dhritarashtra


• Chapter 29: The Pandavas Set Out for the Forest


• Chapter 30: The Pandavas Enter the Forest with their Army


• Chapter 31: The Pandavas meet Kunti, Dhritarashtra, and Gandhari


• Chapter 32: Sanjaya, the Bard, Introduces the Pandavas to the Hermits


• Chapter 33: Vidura Enters the Body of Yudhishthira


• Chapter 34: Yudhishthira Distributes Gifts and Vyasa Arrives


• Chapter 35: Vyasa Explains Who Vidura Was and Offers to Perform a Miracle


• Part Two: The Vision of the Sons


• Chapter 36: Narada Arrives and Dhritarashtra Grieves


• Chapter 37: Gandhari Tells Vyasa of the Women's Grief


• Chapter 38: Kunti Tells Vyasa How She Abandoned Karna


• Chapter 39: Vyasa Explains the Incarnation of the Gods as Warriors


• Chapter 40: The Dead Warriors Appear Out of the Ganges


• Chapter 41: The Returned Warriors Depart and Their Wives Enter the Ganges


• Chapter 44: The Pandavas Take Leave of Dhritarashtra, Gandhari, and Kunti


• Part Three: The Arrival of Narada


• Chapter 45: Narada Arrives and Tells Yudhishthira How Dhritarashtra, Gandhari, and Kunti Died


• Chapter 46: Yudhishthira Mourns for the Dead and Curses Kingship


• Chapter 47: Narada Explains the Fire and Yudhishthira Performs the Funerals


• Book Sixteen, Mausala Parvan, The Book of the Battle of the Clubs


• Preface to Book Sixteen


• Chapter 1: Yudhishthira Sees Omens and Learns about the Battle of the Clubs


• Chapter 2: The Sages Curse the Vrishnis and the Club Appears


• Chapter 3: Omens Appear and Krishna Proclaims a Pilgrimage


• Chapter 4: The Vrishnis Go on a Pilgrimage and a Fight Breaks Out


• Chapter 5: Krishna and Balarama Depart and Die


• Chapter 6: Arjuna Goes to Dvaraka


• Chapter 7: Arjuna Visits Vasudeva, Who Grieves and Vows to Die


• Chapter 8: Arjuna Leads the Vrishni Women Out of Dvaraka and Bandits Attack


• Chapter 9. Arjuna Visits Vyasa and Yudhishthira


• Book Seventeen, Mahaprasthanika Parvan, The Book of the Great Departure


• Preface to Book Seventeen


• Chapter 1. The Pandavas Install the Kings, Depart and Encounter Fire


• Chapter 2. Draupadi, Sahadeva, Nakula, Arjuna, and Bhima Fall


• Chapter 3. Yudhishthira Goes to Heaven, With a Dog


• Book Eighteen, Svargarohana Parvan, The Book of Climbing to Heaven


• Preface to Book Eighteen


• Chapter 1. Yudhishthira Reaches Heaven and Encounters Duryodhana


• Chapter 2. Yudhishthira Goes to Hell and Meets His Brothers and Draupadi


• Chapter 3. Yudhishthira Remains in Heaven and Bathes in the Heavenly Ganges


• Chapter 4. Yudhishthira in Heaven Meets the Reborn Warriors from Both Sides


• Chapter 5. Everyone Becomes the Gods They Always Were


• Appendices


• Appendix One: Adjectives Applied to Several Characters


• Appendix Two: Names and Epithets of Central Characters


• Appendix Three: Minor Characters and Classes of Beings


• Appendix Four: The Earlier Lives of the Protagonists of the Last Books of the Mahabharata


• Appendix Five: Bibliography for Further Reading


• Appendix Six: Technical Textual Notes

Info autore

Wendy Doniger has taught at Harvard, Oxford, the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London, and the University of California at Berkeley, and, from 1978, at the University of Chicago, where she was the Mircea Eliade Distinguished Service Professor of the History of Religions, in the Divinity School, the Department of South Asian Languages and Civilizations, and the Committee on Social Thought, now Emerita. She is the author of over forty books, including translations of Sanskrit texts as well as books about Hindu mythology and cross-cultural mythology, particularly about illusion, animals, gender, and sex. In 1984 she was elected President of the American Academy of Religion, in 1989 a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, in 1996 a Member of the American Philosophical Society, and in 1997 President of the Association for Asian Studies.

Riassunto

After the War is a new translation of the final part of the Mahabharata, the great Sanskrit Epic poem about a devastating fraternal war. In this aftermath of the great war, the surviving heroes find various deaths, ranging from a drunken debacle in which they kill many of their own comrades to suicide through meditation and, finally, magical transportation to both heaven and hell. Bereaved mothers and widows on earth are comforted when their dead sons and husbands are magically conjured up from heaven and emerge from a river to spend one glorious night on earth with their loved ones. Ultimately, the bitterly opposed heroes of both sides are reconciled in heaven, but only when they finally let go of the vindictive masculine pride that has made each episode of violence give rise to another. Throughout the text, issues of truth and reconciliation, of the competing beliefs in various afterlives, and of the ultimate purpose of human life are debated.

This last part of the Mahabharata has much to tell us both about the deep wisdom of Indian poets during the centuries from 300 BCE to 300 CE (the dates of the recension of this enormous text) and about the problems that we ourselves confront in the aftermath of our own genocidal and internecine wars. The author, a distinguished translator of Sanskrit texts (including the Rig Veda, the Laws of Manu, and the Kamasutra), puts the text into clear, flowing, contemporary prose, with a comprehensive but unintrusive critical apparatus. This book will delight general readers and enlighten students of Indian civilization and of great world literature.

Testo aggiuntivo

This brief book discusses and translates the last books of the great Indian epic the Mahabharata... Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty; general readers.

Dettagli sul prodotto

• Autori: Wendy Doniger, Wendy (Professor Emerita Doniger, Doniger Wendy
• Editore: Oxford University Press
• Lingue: Inglese
• Formato: Tascabile
• Pubblicazione: 31.08.2022
• EAN: 9780197553404
• ISBN: 978-0-19-755340-4
• Pagine: 192
• Categorie: Scienze umane, arte, musica > Religione / teologia > Altre religioni; LITERARY CRITICISM / General, RELIGION / Hinduism / General, Hinduism, Literature: history & criticism, Literature: history and criticism