Phytochemical Drug Discovery for Central Nervous System Disorders - Biochemistry and Therapeutic Effects

PHYTOCHEMICAL DRUG DISCOVERY FOR CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS
 
Understand herbal and plant-based treatments for chronic disorders with this groundbreaking work
 
Due in part to the aging of the global population, disorders of the central nervous system have become an increasingly grave public health concern in recent years. Demand for pharmaceutical treatments has been correspondingly high, but there are many barriers to the successful development of effective synthetic drugs. Phytomedicines, or plant-based and herbal medicines, have proven to be an effective alternative, boasting lower toxicity and cost and higher efficacy, and one that demands greater research and broader-based practitioner knowledge.
 
Phytochemical Drug Discovery for Central Nervous System Disorders meets this demand with a timely, clearly-structured guide. It thorough coverage presents a wide range of phytochemicals with potential as candidates for drug discovery, describing their sources, properties, and therapeutic efficacy. The result is a vital contribution to the ongoing fight against central nervous system (CNS) disorders.
 
Phytochemical Drug Discovery for Central Nervous System Disorders readers will also find:
* Detailed treatment of CNS-active plant products, neuroprotective chemicals, plant-based nutraceutical products, and more
* Up-to-date information on FDA-approved drugs and existing plant-based products used to treat CNS disorders
* An authorial team featuring experts from across the globe
 
Phytochemical Drug Discovery for Central Nervous System Disorders is essential for drug discovery scientists, drug developers, medicinal chemists, biochemists, and any researchers and professionals in the health care or pharmaceutical industries.

Sommario

Contributors xv
 
Preface xxi
 
1 Central Nervous System Disorders and Food and Drug Administration-Approved Drugs 1
Estella U. Odoh, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Chukwuma M. Onyegbulam, Diovu E. Obioma, Linda A. Onugwu, Obinna S. Onugwu, and Mithun Rudrapal
 
1.1 Incidence and Prevalence of Major Neurologic Disorders 2
 
1.2 Etiology 2
 
1.3 Pathogenesis 3
 
1.4 Central Nervous System Disorders and Drugs Approved by the Food and Drug Administration 3
 
1.4.1 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder 4
 
1.4.2 Migraine 8
 
1.4.3 Parkinson's Disease 9
 
1.4.4 Multiple Sclerosis 11
 
1.4.5 Alzheimer's Disease 11
 
1.4.6 Muscular Dystrophy 12
 
1.4.7 Epilepsy/Seizure 12
 
1.5 Conclusion 13
 
References 13
 
2 Drug Discovery from Medicinal Plants against Parkinson's Disease 17
Dunya Al-Duhaidahawi
 
2.1 Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease 17
 
2.1.1 Misfolding and Aggregation of Proteins 17
 
2.1.2 Mitochondrial Dysfunction 18
 
2.1.3 Neuroinflammation 18
 
2.1.4 Metal Ion Imbalance in the Brain 18
 
2.1.5 Protease-Mediated Degradation Inhibition 18
 
2.1.6 Oxidative Stress 19
 
2.2 Natural Dopaminergic Neuroprotective Compounds 19
 
2.2.1 Polyphenols 19
 
2.2.1.1 Resveratrol 19
 
2.2.1.2 Sesamin 19
 
2.2.1.3 Curcumin 19
 
2.2.1.4 6-Shogaol 20
 
2.2.1.5 Fustin 20
 
2.2.1.6 Biochanin A 20
 
2.2.1.7 Acacetin 20
 
2.2.1.8 Baicalein 20
 
2.3 Nitrogenated Phytochemicals 21
 
2.3.1 Alkaloids 21
 
2.3.1.1 Tetrahydro Berberine 21
 
2.3.1.2 Berberine 21
 
2.3.1.3 Celastrol 21
 
2.3.2 Saponins 21
 
2.3.2.1 Astragaloside IV 21
 
2.3.2.2 Ginseng 21
 
2.4 Chinese Herbal Medications and Parkinson's Disease 22
 
2.4.1 Acanthopanax 22
 
2.4.2 Alpinia 22
 
2.4.3 Camellia 22
 
2.4.4 Cassia 23
 
2.4.5 Chrysanthemum 23
 
2.4.6 Cistanche 23
 
2.4.7 Gastrodia 23
 
2.4.8 Ginkgo 24
 
2.4.9 Gynostemma 24
 
2.4.10 Paeonia 24
 
2.4.11 Panax 25
 
2.4.12 Polygala 25
 
2.4.13 Polygonum 25
 
2.4.14 Psoralea 26
 
2.5 Herbal Medicines from India and Parkinson's Disease 26
 
2.5.1 Withania somnifera 26
 
2.5.2 Tinospora cordifolia 26
 
2.5.3 Mucuna pruriens 26
 
2.6 European Plants 27
 
2.7 alpha-Synuclein as a Potential Therapeutic Target 27
 
2.7.1 Phytochemicals Targeting the alpha-Synuclein Cascade 27
 
2.8 Conclusion 28
 
References 39
 
3 Drug Discovery from Medicinal Plants against Alzheimer's Disease 43
Mona M. Marzouk, Mai M. Farid, Nesrine M. Hegazi, and Shahira M. Ezzat
 
3.1 Pathogenesis 44
 
3.1.1 Amyloid Plaques 44
 
3.1.2 Neurofibrillary Tangles 45
 
3.1.3 Synaptic Damage 45
 
3.1.4 Cholinergic Functions 45
 
3.1.5 Oxidative Stress 45
 
3.1.6 Neuroinflammation 45
 
3.2 Treatment Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease 46
 
3.2.1 Amyloid Hypothesis 46
 
3.2.2 Tau Proteins Hypothesis 46
 
3.2.3 Dendritic Hypothesis 54
 
3.2.4 Cholinergic Hypothesis 55
 
3.2.5 Strategies for 5-HT 6 Obstruction 55
 
3.2.6 Metabolic Hypothesis 55
 
3.3 Medicinal Plants Having Effects against Alzheimer's Disease 56
 
3.3.1 Medicinal Plants Targeting the Cholinergic System 56
 
3.3.2 Medicinal Plants Targeting Amyloid Beta 61
 
3.3.3 Medicinal Plants Targeting Tau-Related

Info autore

Chukwuebuka Egbuna, PhD, is Research Biochemist in the Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. He has published extensively on phytochemistry and serves on the editorial boards of several leading journals. Muthun Rudrapal, PhD, FIC, FICS, CChem, is Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. He has published very widely on pharmaceuticals and related subjects and is the holder of numerous patents.

Riassunto

PHYTOCHEMICAL DRUG DISCOVERY FOR CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS

Understand herbal and plant-based treatments for chronic disorders with this groundbreaking work

Due in part to the aging of the global population, disorders of the central nervous system have become an increasingly grave public health concern in recent years. Demand for pharmaceutical treatments has been correspondingly high, but there are many barriers to the successful development of effective synthetic drugs. Phytomedicines, or plant-based and herbal medicines, have proven to be an effective alternative, boasting lower toxicity and cost and higher efficacy, and one that demands greater research and broader-based practitioner knowledge.

Phytochemical Drug Discovery for Central Nervous System Disorders meets this demand with a timely, clearly-structured guide. It thorough coverage presents a wide range of phytochemicals with potential as candidates for drug discovery, describing their sources, properties, and therapeutic efficacy. The result is a vital contribution to the ongoing fight against central nervous system (CNS) disorders.

Phytochemical Drug Discovery for Central Nervous System Disorders readers will also find:
* Detailed treatment of CNS-active plant products, neuroprotective chemicals, plant-based nutraceutical products, and more
* Up-to-date information on FDA-approved drugs and existing plant-based products used to treat CNS disorders
* An authorial team featuring experts from across the globe

Phytochemical Drug Discovery for Central Nervous System Disorders is essential for drug discovery scientists, drug developers, medicinal chemists, biochemists, and any researchers and professionals in the health care or pharmaceutical industries.

Dettagli sul prodotto

• Autori: Egbuna, Chukwuebuka (Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu U Egbuna, Chukwuebuka Rudrapal Egbuna
• Con la collaborazione di: Chukwuebuka Egbuna (Editore), Rudrapal (Editore), Mithun Rudrapal (Editore)
• Editore: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Lingue: Inglese
• Formato: Copertina rigida
• Pubblicazione: 30.11.2021
• EAN: 9781119794097
• ISBN: 978-1-119-79409-7
• Pagine: 464
• Categorie: Scienze naturali, medicina, informatica, tecnica > Chimica > Chimica organica; Chemie, Biochemie, Neurowissenschaften, Life Sciences, Wirkstoffforschung, Neuroscience, Biowissenschaften, Zentralnervensystem, chemistry, Wirkstoffforschung u. -entwicklung, Drug Discovery & Development, Biochemie u. Chemische Biologie, Biochemistry (Chemical Biology)