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In 1915, shortly after the outbreak of World War I, between twelve hundred and two thousand women representing twelve nations journeyed to The Netherlands to plead for peace at The Hague. At this first International Congress of Women they called for "continuous mediation" until peace was restored, and they met with representatives of the warring governments in an idealistic attempt to halt the military clash. Although they did not stop the war, their proposals are still used as guidelines for most diplomatic negotiations between hostile nations.
Three highly talented, progressive women led the American delegation: two Nobel Peace Prize winners--Jane Addams (cofounder of Hull-House in Chicago) and Emily G. Balch (a distinguished sociologist who taught at Wellesley College)--as well as Alice Hamilton (the first industrial physician in the United States and also the first woman to join the faculty of Harvard University).This book is the first-hand report by these three remarkable women of their mission for peace. Balch and Hamilton devote several chapters to a description of their travels, their visits with various heads of state, and meetings with pacifists in different countries. In a controversial chapter, Addams sharply criticizes the older male patriarchal leadership that manipulates young men to fight needless wars. Addams concludes the volume by advocating women's full participation as voting citizens to promote the cause of peace and the spirit of internationalism.
This edition is enhanced by an introduction by University of Nebraska scholar Mary Jo Deegan, this new edition of a valuable historical document will be of interest to students of women's studies, history, and international relations.
Sommario
Introduction: Women and World Peace, by Mary Jo Deegan
Prefatory Note
1. Journey and Impressions of Congress, Emily G. Balch
2. At the War Capitals, Alice Hamilton
3. The Revolt Against War, Jane Addams
4. Factors in Continuing the War, Jane Addams
5. At the Northern Capitals, Emily G. Balch
6. The Time for Making Peace, Emily G. Balch
7. Women and Internationalism, Jame Addams
Appendices
Opinions of the Congress
Some Particulars about the Congress
Resolutions Adopted by the Delegations
Manifesto issued by the Delegations
Synopsis of Argument on Continuous Mediation without Armistice; by Julia Grace Wales, a delegate to the Congress from the University of Wisconsin
Info autore
Jane Addams was an American settlement campaigner, reformer, social worker, sociologist, public official, philosopher, and novelist. She played an essential role in the history of social work and women's suffrage in the United States. Addams co-founded Chicago's Hull House, one of America's most well-known settlement homes, which provided comprehensive social services to impoverished, primarily immigrant families. In 1910, Addams received an honorary Master of Arts degree from Yale University, making her the school's first female recipient. In 1920, she co-founded the American Civil Liberties Union. Jane Addams was born in Cedarville, Illinois, as the youngest of eight children to a rich northern Illinois family of English-American origin with roots in colonial Pennsylvania. Sarah Addams, Addams' mother, died in 1863, when she was two years old and pregnant with her ninth child. Addams was thereafter cared for primarily by her older sisters. By the time Addams was eight, four of her siblings had died: three in infancy and one at the age of sixteen. Addams spent her childhood playing outside, reading inside, and going to Sunday school. When she was four years old, she acquired tuberculosis of the spine, also known as Potts' illness, which resulted in a spinal curvature and lifelong health issues.
Riassunto
This book is the first-hand report by the three leaders of the American delegation—Nobel Peace Prize winners, Jane Addams and Emily G. Balch, as well as Alice Hamilton—of their mission for peace. This edition is enhanced by an introduction by University of Nebraska scholar Mary Jo Deegan.
