Ulteriori informazioni
Explains the advantages of using medaka in experimental designs, to facilitate research, and to stimulate progress by adopting medaka as a model animal
The second volume of Medaka: Biology, Management, and Experimental Protocols, together with the first volume, helps to familiarize scientists with the advantages of using medaka in experimental designs, to facilitate research using medaka, and to stimulate progress by adopting medaka as a model animal. The second edition expands on the first by providing additional information and current protocols that have been recently developed, or modified, to successfully raise medaka fish under stable culture conditions in the laboratory.
This volume explores new technologies developed after 2009, using the fish as a molecular tool in the fields of life science, evolution, ecology, and toxicology. The authors--noted experts in the field--provide the latest information that spans the varied research disciplines and addresses the value to science of medaka's adoption as a model animal. This important book:
* Explores the advantages of using medaka in experimental designs, to facilitate research
* Details the most recent protocols to successfully raise medaka fish under stable conditions in the laboratory
* Explores the most recent developments in the field
* Provides step-by step specifics for each protocol, allowing researchers to adapt them for use in their own work
Written for students and researchers in fish biology and aquaculture, Medaka: Biology, Management, and Experimental Protocols, Volume 2 introduces the cutting edge research in basic and applied biology using medaka as a model animal as well as descriptions of experimental methods and protocols.
Sommario
List of Contributors xv
Preface xxi
1 Medaka Management 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Medaka Management for Scientific Research 1
1.2.1 Outline of medaka life-cycle in the wild 2
1.2.2 Preparation of normal rearing conditions of medaka in the laboratory and procedures for breeding 2
1.2.2.1 Breeding system set-up 2
1.2.2.2 Obtaining medaka 3
1.2.2.3 Collecting eggs in a laboratory setting 3
1.2.2.4 Daily care and maintenance of eggs 4
1.2.2.5 Rearing medaka from the larval stage to adulthood 4
1.2.2.6 Anesthesia and euthanasia 4
1.3 Standardized Culture and Growth Curve 7
1.3.1 Characteristics and selection of strains 7
1.3.2 Management of medaka eggs and fish 8
1.3.2.1 Mating 8
1.3.2.2 Management of embryos 8
1.3.2.3 Management of embryos before hatching 13
1.3.2.4 Rearing from the larval stage to adulthood (to induce earlier maturation) 14
1.3.3 Maintenance of breeding tanks during breeding 23
1.3.3.1 Judgment of water quality 23
1.3.3.2 Maintenance of breeding water 24
1.3.4 Anesthesia 25
1.3.4.1 Behavior under each anesthesia stage 26
1.3.4.2 Difference in sensitivity to anesthesia among strains 26
1.3.4.3 Growth stage specificity in sensitivity to MS-222 27
1.3.4.4 Eugenol is recommended as an anesthetic reagent 28
1.3.4.5 Euthanasia 28
1.3.4.6 Important reminders for euthanasia 29
2 Medaka and Oryzias Species as Model Organisms and the Current Status of Medaka Biological Resources 31
2.1 Introduction 31
2.2 Common and Unique Futures of Medaka and Related Species as Model Organisms 31
2.3 Phylogenetic Relationships of Medaka and Related Species 35
2.3.1 The javanicus species group 35
2.3.2 The latipes species group 40
2.3.3 The celebensis species group 42
2.4 BAC Resources of Species Related to Medaka 43
2.5 National Bio-Resource Project Medaka (NBRP Medaka) 43
2.5.1 Support for visiting researchers 45
3 Looking at Adult Medaka 49
3.1 General Morphology 49
3.1.1 Secondary sexual characters 49
3.1.1.1 Dorsal fin 49
3.1.1.2 Anal fin 49
3.1.1.3 Papillar processes 50
3.1.1.4 Urogenital papillae 50
3.1.2 Body color 51
3.1.2.1 Pigment cells (chromatophores) 51
3.1.2.2 Structures of the chromatophores 51
3.1.2.3 Chromatophores in medaka 51
3.1.2.4 Chromatophore distribution in medaka 55
3.1.2.5 See-through medaka 56
3.2 Anatomy and Histology 56
3.2.1 Observations of internal organs 56
3.2.1.1 Observations of internal organs in the live see-through medaka 56
3.2.1.2 Dissection of adult medaka 58
3.2.2 Horizontal and sagittal sections of juvenile medaka 58
3.2.3 Nervous system 58
3.2.3.1 Adult central nervous system 58
3.2.3.2 Adult peripheral nervous system 67
3.2.4 Endocrine system 74
3.2.4.1 Hypothalamo-pituitary system 76
3.2.4.2 Pineal organ (epiphysis) 78
3.2.4.3 Thyroid gland 79
3.2.4.4 Heart 81
3.2.4.5 Interrenal gland and chromaffin cells 81
3.2.4.6 Gonads 81
3.2.4.7 Endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans) 81
3.2.4.8 Gastrointestinal tract 81
3.2.4.9 Ultimobranchial gland 82
3.2.4.10 Corpuscle of Stannius 82
3.2.4.11 Urophysis 83
3.2.4.12 Thymus 83
3.2.5 Gonads 83
3.2.
Info autore
About the Editors Kenji Murata, Center for Health and the Environment, University of California Davis, USA.
Masato Kinoshita, Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan.
Kiyoshi Naruse, Laboratory of Bioresources/IBBP Center, National Institute for Basic Biology, Japan.
Minoru Tanaka, Division of Biological Science, Nagoya University, Japan.
Yasuhiro Kamei, Spectrography and Bioimagin Facility, NIBB Core Facilities, National, Institute for Basic Biology, Japan.
Riassunto
Medaka, Biology, Management, and Experimental Protocols, Volume 2 is the second in the series, with volume 1 published in 2009. The purpose of Volume 2, is to familiarize scientist worldwide with the advantages of using medaka inexperimental designs, to facilitate research using medaka, and to stimulate progress in research by adopting medaka as a model animal.
In Volume 2, the authors provide additional information and current protocols that have been recently developed, or modified, to successfully raise medaka fish under stable culture conditions in the laboratory; and how to use medaka as a model animal. This volume describes new technologies developed after 2009, using the fish as a molecular tool in the fields of life science, evolution, ecology and toxicology. It provides an informational bridge that spans the varied research disciplines and abilities that range from undergraduate education through the level of senior researcher, and addresses the value to science of medaka's adoption as a model animal.
Written by experts and pioneers in the use of medaka as the model animal in their scientific fields. The authors describe their experimental protocols in detail and the rationale for the chosen protocols in achieving their conceptual goals. The editors recommend that users read the previous procedures of Volume 1 that describe the maintenance of medaka; and use this information to create or modify the current fish-maintenance systems to improve and advance the science and
technology.
Medaka, Biology, Management, and Experimental Protocols, Volume 2 format is designed to capture the thoughts and methods of researchers that use medaka as a model animal; and to make this expertise accessible to students, beginning researchers and senior researchers, who might become intrigued with using medaka fish as the model animal in their own works.
To accomplish this, and following a reading of Volume 1, the reader is provided step-by step specifics for each protocol that allows application of the fish in their own work. The information includes specific information to facilitate ease of adoption: minute details such as reagents used in methodology, instrumentation, and other essential requirements. It is anticipated that this highly practical format will encourage the reader to use medaka as a model animal; and permit the reader to bring new concepts into personal practice in a more efficient manner.
