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In the brain, glycogen, the storage form of glucose, is exclusively localized in astrocytes. Glycogenolysis leads to the production of L-lactate, which is shuttled to neurons for ATP production. Interestingly, L-lactate was recently shown to be not only a source of energy, but also a signaling molecule to neurons. This was demonstrated through the inhibition of L-lactate production or transport in an inhibitory avoidance paradigm, where the rodents developed amnesia. This inhibition of memory consolidation was rescued by L-lactate and not by equicaloric glucose emphasizing that L-lactate acts as a signaling molecule as well. A recent study in our laboratory suggests that the action of L-lactate takes place through a cascade of molecular events via the modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity. Since NADH produced similar results to those seen with L-lactate, it was hypothesized that the action of the latter is based on altering the redox state of the cell, in particular in view of the fact that redox-sensitive sites are present on the NMDAR. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying the apparent change in the NMDAR activity is not fully elucidated.
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Engy studied Pharmacy & Biotechnology in the German University in Cairo, she obtained her B.SC in 2009 with highest honors. In 2010, she joined KAUST to pursue her Masters degree in Biological sciences which she obtained with excellence. She then pursued her PhD degree in Biological sciences where she developed passion for the field of Neuroscience
