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Informationen zum Autor James R. Augustine is Professor Emeritus in the School of Medicine at University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA. Klappentext Human Neuroanatomy, 2nd Edition is a comprehensive overview of the anatomy of the human brain and spinal cord. The book is written at a level to be of use as a text for advanced students and a foundational reference for researchers, clinicians in the field. Building on the foundations of first edition, this revision looks to increase user-friendliness and clinical applicability through improved figures and the addition of illustrative case studies.Written by James R. Augustine, with decades of experience teaching and researching in the field, Human Neuroanatomy, authoritatively covers this fundamental area of study within the neurosciences. Zusammenfassung Human Neuroanatomy: An Introduction, 2nd Edition is a comprehensive overview of the anatomy of the human brain and spinal cord. The book is written at a level to be of use as a text for advanced students and a foundational reference for researchers, clinicians in the field. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xiii About the companion website xv Chapter 1 Introduction to the Nervous System 1 1.1 Neurons 1 1.1.1 Neuronal Cell Body (Soma) 2 1.1.2 Axon Hillock 3 1.1.3 Neuronal Processes - Axons and Dendrites 3 1.2 Classification of Neurons 4 1.2.1 Neuronal Classification by Function 4 1.2.2 Neuronal Classification by Number of Processes 4 1.3 The Synapse 5 1.3.1 Components of a Synapse 5 1.3.2 Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators 5 1.3.3 Neuronal Plasticity 6 1.3.4 The Neuropil 6 1.4 Neuroglial Cells 6 1.4.1 Neuroglial Cells Differ from Neurons 6 1.4.2 Identification of Neuroglia 6 1.4.3 Neuroglial Function 8 1.4.4 Neuroglial Cells and Aging 9 1.4.5 Neuroglial Cells and Brain Tumors 9 1.5 Axonal Transport 9 1.5.1 Functions of Axonal Transport 9 1.5.2 Defective Axonal Transport 9 1.6 Degeneration and Regeneration 10 1.6.1 Axon or Retrograde Reaction 10 1.6.2 Anterograde Degeneration 11 1.6.3 Retrograde Degeneration 11 1.6.4 Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves 11 1.6.5 Regeneration and Neurotrophic Factors 13 1.6.6 Regeneration in the Central Nervous System 13 1.7 Neural Transplantation 14 Further Reading 14 Chapter 2 Development of the Nervous System 17 2.1 First Week 19 2.1.1 Fertilization 19 2.1.2 From Two Cells to the Free Blastocyst 19 2.2 Second Week 20 2.2.1 Implantation and Two Distinct Layers of Cells 20 2.2.2 Primitive Streak and a Third Layer of Cells 20 2.3 Third Week 20 2.3.1 Primitive Node and Notochordal Process 20 2.3.2 Neural Plate, Groove, Folds, and Neuromeres 21 2.3.3 Three Main Divisions of the Brain 21 2.3.4 Mesencephalic Flexure Appears 21 2.4 Fourth Week 21 2.4.1 Formation of the Neural Tube 21 2.4.2 Rostral and Caudal Neuropores Open 22 2.4.3 Neural Crest Cells Emerge 23 2.4.4 Neural Canal - the Future Ventricular System 24 2.4.5 Neuropores Close and the Neural Tube Forms 24 2.4.6 Cervical Flexure Present 24 2.5 Fifth Week 24 2.5.1 Simple Tube, Complex Transformation 24 2.5.2 Five Subdivisions of the Brain Appear 24 2.5.3 Brain Vesicles Versus Brain Regions 25 2.6 Vulnerability of the Developing Nervous System 26 2.7 Congenital Malformations of the Nervous System 27 2.7.1 Spinal Dysraphism 27 2.7.2 Anencephaly 28 2.7.3 Microcephaly 28 Further Reading 29 Chapter 3 The Spinal Cord 31 3.1 Embryological Considerations 31 3.1.1 Layers of the Developing Spinal Cord 31 3.1.2 Format...
