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The South Sudanese conflict which erupted on 15 December 2013 as a result of power struggle within SPLM between President Salva Kirr and his deputy, Riek Machar has escalated into a full-fledged ethnic conflict. Initially, the conflict was triggered by political power struggle within SPLM. Nevertheless, it turned out to be an ethnic conflict between the Dinka and Nuer ethnic groups, dragging the world's newest nation into devastation and total collapse. The conflict has already taken an ethnic dimension where the two dominant ethnic groups are fighting for political power and to control natural resources. Although IGAD has facilitated and mediated more than eight rounds of peace talks since the outbreak of the conflict, none of them are successful in restoring lasting peace in South Sudan. This is partly because the ethnic characterization of the conflict has been systematically excluded from the management processes. Therefore, based on the findings of this book, South Sudan will continue to suffer from widespread inter-ethnic violent conflicts unless ethnic identities are managed in the IGAD led peace negotiations and incorporated in the state structure and governance system.
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Memar Ayalew is a lecturer of Political Science and International Relations. He did his M.A Degree in International Relations, and Governance and Regional Integration at Addis Ababa University and Pan-African University (PAUGHSS) respectively. Currently, he is perusing his PhD at Scuola Suepriore Sant'Anna, Italy.
