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This volume reviews the current understanding of the taxonomy, disease syndromes, genetics, biology, and pathogenic factors of Histophilus somni, as well as the host immune response to this pathogen. H. somni is one of the most important bacterial pathogens in cattle and other ruminants, and its virulence factors are highly conserved with Haemophilus influenzae and other members of the Pasteurellaceae. H. somni has been recognized as a major cause of thrombotic meningoencephalitis, respiratory disease syndromes, myocarditis, reproductive disease syndromes, polyarthritis, mastitis, ocular disease, and septicemia. The only known habitats of H. somni are the mucosal surfaces of ruminants, making this bacterium an opportunistic pathogen. Although it is capable of causing inflammation at systemic sites and is toxic to epithelial and phagocytic cells, the bacterium's wide array of virulence factors act primarily as a defense against, or to escaperecognition from, host innate and adaptive immunity.
Sommario
Taxonomy of Histophilus somni.- Histophilosis as a Natural Disease.- Histophilus somni Genomics and Genetics.- Interactions on Histophilus somni with Host Cells.- Histophilus somni Surface Proteins.- Host Immune Response to Histophilus somni.- The Many Facets of Lipooligosaccharide as a Virulence Factor of Histophilus somni.- Exopolysaccharide Production and Biofilm Formation by Histophilus somni.
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Thomas J. Inzana is a Tyler J. and Frances F. Young Professor of Bacteriology and works at Virginia Tech School of Medicine in Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Riassunto
This volume reviews the current understanding of the taxonomy, disease syndromes, genetics, biology, and pathogenic factors of
Histophilus somni
, as well as the host immune response to this pathogen.
H. somni
is one of the most important bacterial pathogens in cattle and other ruminants, and its virulence factors are highly conserved with
Haemophilus influenzae
and other members of the
Pasteurellaceae
.
H. somni
has been recognized as a major cause of thrombotic meningoencephalitis, respiratory disease syndromes, myocarditis, reproductive disease syndromes, polyarthritis, mastitis, ocular disease, and septicemia. The only known habitats of
H. somni
are the mucosal surfaces of ruminants, making this bacterium an opportunistic pathogen. Although it is capable of causing inflammation at systemic sites and is toxic to epithelial and phagocytic cells, the bacterium’s wide array of virulence factors act primarily as a defense against, or to escaperecognition from, host innate and adaptive immunity.
