In Vitro Culture of Higher Plants

16. 2. Techniques 141 16. 3. Factors affecting the success of embryo culture 143 16. 4. Practical applications . . 146 17. Germination of orchid seeds . . . . . . . 149 17. 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 17. 2. Factors affecting germination and growth 154 18. Vegetative propagation of orchids 159 18. 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . 159 18. 2. Meristem culture . . . . . . . 161 18. 2. 1. Production of virus-free plants 161 18. 2. 2. Propagation through meristem culture 162 18. 3. Other methods of propagation 165 18. 4. Variation arising during culture 166 18. 5. Practical applications . . . . 167 19. Production of disease-free plants 169 19. 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . 169 19. 2. Production of virus-free plants 171 19. 2. 1. Heat treatment . 171 19. 2. 2. Meristem culture . 172 19. 2. 2. 1. History . . . . 172 19. 2. 2. 2. Accomplishment 174 19. 2. 3. Heat treatment and meristem culture 177 19. 2. 4. Adventitious shoot formation, eventually followed by - ristem culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 19. 2. 5. Virus-free plants produced from callus and protoplasts. 178 19. 2. 6. Grafting of meristems on virus-free (seedling) rootstocks (micrografting) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 19. 2. 7. Virus identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 19. 3. Production of bacteria- and fungal-free plants by meristem culture . . . . . . 180 20. Vegetative propagation 183 20. 1. General introduction 183 20. 2. Single-node culture . 190 20. 3. The axillary bud method 194 20. 4. Regeneration of explants 200 20. 4. 1. Introduction . . . . . 200 20. 4. 2. Adventitious root formation 203 20. 4. 3. Adventitious shoot formation 209 III 20. 5.

Sommario

1. Preface.- 2. Introduction.- 2.1. Outline.- 2.2. Abbreviations and glossary.- 3. History.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Developments in the Netherlands and other countries.- 4. Types of cultures.- 5. Laboratory equipment.- 5.1. Supplies.- 5.2. The laminar air-flow cabinet.- 5.3. Sterilization of nutrient media.- 5.3.1. Introduction.- 5.3.2. Autoclaving.- 5.3.3. Sterilization by irradiation.- 5.3.4. Sterilization by filtration.- 5.3.5. Sterilization at school and in the home.- 5.4. Preparation room.- 5.5. Cleaning glassware.- 5.6. Robots in the plant tissue culture laboratory.- 6. Preparation and composition of nutrient media.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Glassware and plastics.- 6.3. Preparation.- 6.4. Composition.- 6.4.1. Water.- 6.4.2. Agar.- 6.4.3. Sugar.- 6.4.4. Mineral nutrition.- 6.4.5. pH.- 6.4.6. Osmotic potential.- 6.4.7. Regulators.- 6.4.7.1. Introduction.- 6.4.7.2. Auxins.- 6.4.7.3. Cytokinins.- 6.4.7.4. Gibberellins.- 6.4.7.5. Other regulators.- 6.4.8. Vitamins.- 6.4.9. Miscellaneous.- 6.5. Commercially prepared media.- 6.6. Storage of nutrient media.- 7. Closure of test tubes and flasks.- 8. Care of plant material.- 9. Sterilization of plant material.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. Chemical sterilization.- 9.3. Apparently sterile cultures.- 9.4. Internal infections.- 9.5. Symbiotic cultures.- 10. Isolation, inoculation and subculturing.- 10.1. Introduction.- 10.2. Isolation.- 10.3. Inoculation.- 10.4. Subculturing.- 11. Mechanization.- 12. The influence of plant material on growth and development.- 13. The influence of physical factors on growth and development.- 13.1. The culture room.- 13.2. Discussion of special physical factors.- 14. The transfer from nutrient medium to soil.- 15. Aids to study.- 15.1. Literature study.- 15.2. Societies and associations.- 15.3. Laboratory notebook, photographs and slides.- 16. Embryo culture.- 16.1. Introduction.- 16.2. Techniques.- 16.3. Factors affecting the success of embryo culture.- 16.4. Practical applications.- 17. Germination of orchid seeds.- 17.1. Introduction.- 17.2. Factors affecting germination and growth.- 18. Vegetative propagation of orchids.- 18.1. Introduction.- 18.2. Meristem culture.- 18.2.1. Production of virus-free plants.- 18.2.2. Propagation through meristem culture.- 18.3. Other methods of propagation.- 18.4. Variation arising during culture.- 18.5. Practical applications.- 19. Production of disease-free plants.- 19.1. Introduction.- 19.2. Production of virus-free plants.- 19.2.1. Heat treatment.- 19.2.2. Meristem culture.- 19.2.2.1. History.- 19.2.2.2. Accomplishment.- 19.2.3. Heat treatment and meristem culture.- 19.2.4. Adventitious shoot formation, eventually followed by meristem culture.- 19.2.5. Virus-free plants produced from callus and protoplasts.- 19.2.6. Grafting of meristems on virus-free (seedling) rootstocks (micrografting).- 19.2.7. Virus identification.- 19.3. Production of bacteria- and fungal-free plants by meristem culture.- 20. Vegetative propagation.- 20.1. General introduction.- 20.2. Single-node culture.- 20.3. The axillary bud method.- 20.4. Regeneration of explants.- 20.4.1. Introduction.- 20.4.2. Adventitious root formation.- 20.4.3. Adventitious shoot formation.- 20.5. Callus induction, callus culture and regeneration of organs and embryos.- 20.5.1. Introduction.- 20.5.2. Callus induction.- 20.5.3. Callus culture.- 20.5.3.1. Introduction.- 20.5.3.2. On solid media.- 20.5.3.3. In liquid media.- 20.5.4. Regeneration of organs and embryos.- 20.5.4.1. Introduction.- 20.5.4.2. Regeneration of organs.- 20.5.4.3. Regeneration of embryos.- 20.5.4.4. Nucellar polyembryony.- 20.6. Regeneration of plants from single cells.- 20.7. Synthetic seeds.- 21. Somaclonal variation.- 22. Test tube fertilization.- 23. Production of haploids.- 23.1. General introduction.- 23.2. Obtaining haploids in vitro.- 23.3. Problems associated with haploid induction.- 24. Genetic manipulation.- 24.1. General introduction.- 24.2. Description.- 24.3. Prerequisites fo

Relazione

` ... illustrations of high quality ... a good index and an up-to-date bibliography. Overall, the book succeeds in the authors' stated aim of providing an introductory text on in vitro culture of higher plants for university students as well as serving as a practical handbook for technicians and research assistants. There is also much to interest the more senior research worker. This book should be much in demand. '
Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau

Dettagli sul prodotto

• Autori: R. L. M. Pierik, R.L.M Pierik
• Editore: Springer Netherlands
• Lingue: Inglese
• Formato: Copertina rigida
• Pubblicazione: 01.01.1987
• EAN: 9789024735303
• ISBN: 978-90-247-3530-3
• Pagine: 346
• Peso: 770 g
• Categoria: Scienze naturali, medicina, informatica, tecnica > Biologia > Botanica