Cigarette Smoke Toxicity - Linking Individual Chemicals to Human Diseases

Smoking causes and contributes to a large number of human diseases, yet due to the large number of potentially hazardous compounds in cigarette smoke -- almost 5,000 chemicals have been identified, establishing the link between smoking and disease has often proved difficult. This unbiased and scientifically accurate overview of current knowledge begins with an overview of the chemical constituents in cigarette smoke, their fate in the human body, and their documented toxic effects on various cells and tissues. Recent results detailing the many ways components of cigarette smoke adversely affect human health are also presented, highlighting the role of smoking in cardiovascular, respiratory, infectious and other diseases. A final chapter discusses current strategies for the treatment and prevention of smoking-induced illness.Despite the obvious importance of the topic, this is the first comprehensive reference on tobacco smoke toxicity, making for essential reading for all toxicologists and healthcare professionals dealing with smoking-related diseases.

Sommario

PrefaceFROM DISCARDED LEAF TO GLOBAL SCOURGE - THE EXTRAORDINARY HISTORY OF THE ASCENT OF TOBACCO AND ITS MANY MODES OF CONSUMPTIONPublic Health Policy and Commercial Interest - An Uneasy EquilibriumBlessed Offspring of an Uncouth LandA Valuable PoisonSniffing, Chewing, and SmokingThe Development of the Cigarette - A Perfect Nicotine Delivery SystemA Century of GrowthAn Epidemic of DiseaseTobacco Manufactured Products - Multiple Routes to AddictionHistory Revisited or Lesson LearnedPART I: Cigarette SmokingCOMPONENTS OF A CIGARETTEIntroductionComponents of a CigaretteGeneration of Cigarette SmokeRegulation and Future Perspectives of Cigarette SmokingTHE PROCESS OF CIGARETTE SMOKINGIntroductionBio-Complexity of Pathogenic Components of SmokingMultiplicity of Tobacco-Induced DiseasesTopography of Cigarette SmokingHow to Define a Human Smoker?Will there be Standardized Experimental Models to Study Biological Impact by Smoking?SummarySMOKE CHEMISTRYIntroductionCigarette SmokeFactors Influencing Smoke ChemistryEXPOSURE TO TOBACCO SMOKEActive SmokingSecondhand SmokeThird-Hand SmokeQuantifying Tobacco Smoke ExposurePolicy Measures for Reducing Tobacco-Related ExposureAN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL APPRAISAL OF SMOKING-RELATED OUTCOMESIntroductionMeta-Analytical Evidence on Active SmokingCancerCardiovascularFracturesHelicobacter pylori EradicationFertilityOcular DamageNeurological Effects of SmokingRheumatoid ArthritisPrenatal and Postnatal Effects of Smoking in ChildrenReview of Meta-Analysis on Secondhand SmokeMortality, Biological Aging, and SmokingConclusionPART II: Linking Cigarette Smoke Chemicals to Human Diseases and PathophysiologySMOKING AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESIntroductionCardiovascular DiseasesSmoking and CVDsSummarySMOKING AND CANCERIntroductionFacts on Smoking and CancerCancer of the LungTobacco Use and Pancreatic CancerTobacco Smoke Combustion Products: Heterocyclic AminesSmoking, K-ras Mutations and Pancreatic AdenocarcinomaInterindividual Variation in the Risk of Pancreatic CancerMechanisms of Carcinogenesis by Cigarette SmokeSummarySMOKING AND COPD AND OTHER RESPIRATORY DISEASESIntroductionPathogenesis of COPDMolecular Determinants of Protease Activity in COPDMolecular Determinants of Inflammation in COPDMolecular Determinants of Oxidative Stress in COPDActivation of Nrf2 by Cigarette SmokeExacerbations of COPDEffects of Cigarette Smoke on Innate Immunity and COPD ExacerbationsEffects of Cigarette Smoke on AsthmaEffects of Cigarette Smoke on Other Respiratory DiseasesOther Molecular Effects of Cigarette Smoke ExposureEffects of Individual Components of Cigarette Smoke in LungsConcluding RemarksSMOKING, INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND INNATE IMMUNE (DYS)FUNCTIONSmoking and Susceptibility to Bacterial DiseasesThe Needle in the HaystackRecognition of Infectious Agents by the Innate Immune ResponseThe Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory SystemTobacco Smoking and Netrophil FunctionTobacco Smoking and Bacterial VirulenceNicotine and Cells of the Adaptive Immune SystemConclusionsSMOKING AND REPRODUCTIONIntroductionSmoking and Female FertilityReproductive Consequences of Smoking for MenConsequences of in utero Tobacco Exposure in Later Life of OffspringSMOKING TOBACCO AND GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND DISEASESIntroductionThe EsophagusStomachIntestineLiver and PancreasSummarySMOKING AND ORAL HEALTHPeriodontal DiseaseDental CariesOral CancerOther Oral ConditionsOther Dental ConditionsConclusionSMOKING AND EYE DISEASESIntroductionSmoking and CataractSmoking and GlaucomaAge-Related Macular DegenerationAssociation Between Smoking and Age-Related Macular DegenerationSmoking and UveitisOcular IschemiaSmoking and Diabetic RetinopathyOther Ocular DiseasesConclusionsPART III: Prevention and Treatment of Smoking-Induced DiseasesSMOKING: PREVENTION AND CESSATIONStrategies for Smoking Prevention and CessationCessation and Risk Reversal: Health Benefits from Giving up SmokingSmoking Cessation and GenderSmoking Cessation and GeneticsINTERFERING WITH SMOKING-INDUCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGYIntroductionCellular Redox Mechanisms Affected by Cigarette SmokePerspectives for Prevention and Treatment of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Pathophysiology in Different TissuesDietary and Lifestyle Considerations as Related to Pathophysiology in SmokersConclusing RemarksPART IV: SummarySUMMARYCigarette Smoking and Human Diseases - A Critical ConcludingConcluding Remarks to this Book

Info autore

David Bernhard gained his PhD degree in microbiology at the University of Innsbruck, Faculty of Medicine, and the Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Austria. After a scientific stay abroad he served as a postdoc at the Institute of Biomedical Aging Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, by which time he was already focusing on the effects of cigarette smole on the cardiovascular system. Following another postdoc period at the Institute for Pathophysiology of the Medical University in Innsbruck, he became head of the university's cardiac surgery research laboratory, and expanded his research towards a more application-oriented field. Currently Dr. Bernhard is head of the cardiac surgery research laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna, Austria, where his major fields of interest are the pathophysiological understanding of smoking and metal ion-induced atherosclerosis, as well as the search for natural compounds in the treatment of cardiovascular dieseases, while he has recently started work on tissue engineering projects in the cardiovascular setting.

Riassunto

Smoking causes and contributes to a large number of human diseases, yet due to the large number of potentially hazardous compounds in cigarette smoke -- almost 5,000 chemicals have been identified, establishing the link between smoking and disease has often proved difficult.
This unbiased and scientifically accurate overview of current knowledge begins with an overview of the chemical constituents in cigarette smoke, their fate in the human body, and their documented toxic effects on various cells and tissues. Recent results detailing the many ways components of cigarette smoke adversely affect human health are also presented, highlighting the role of smoking in cardiovascular, respiratory, infectious and other diseases. A final chapter discusses current strategies for the treatment and prevention of smoking-induced illness.
Despite the obvious importance of the topic, this is the first comprehensive reference on tobacco smoke toxicity, making for essential reading for all toxicologists and healthcare professionals dealing with smoking-related diseases.

Dettagli sul prodotto

• Autori: David Bernhard
• Con la collaborazione di: Davi Bernhard (Editore), David Bernhard (Editore)
• Editore: Wiley-VCH
• Lingue: Inglese
• Formato: Copertina rigida
• Pubblicazione: 31.03.2015
• EAN: 9783527326815
• ISBN: 978-3-527-32681-5
• Pagine: 368
• Dimensioni: 178 mm x 246 mm x 23 mm
• Peso: 896 g
• Illustrazioni: 29 SW-Abb., 1 Farbabb., 18 Tabellen
• Categorie: Scienze naturali, medicina, informatica, tecnica > Chimica; Chemie, Medizin, Tabak, Toxikologie, KARDIOVASKULÄRE ERKRANKUNGEN, Public Health, Zigarette, chemistry, Health & Social Care, Gesundheits- u. Sozialwesen, Medical Science, Toxicology, Cardiovascular Disease, Public Health General, Allg. Public Health