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Contrary to popular opinion, contemporary psychology in the USSR is far from being monolithic. It is true that the development of Soviet psychology does have characteristic features which distinguish it from the development of Western (and particularly Anglo-American) psychology. Perhaps the most distinguishing features of Soviet psychology are represented by the pre dominance of the historical-evolutionary approach and the emphasis on integrative physiological mechanisms underlying behavior. The development of Soviet psychological thinking can also be characterized as having been free of the fruitless discussions of mind-body dualism and of dominance by rat-and-pigeon-centered behaviorism. Soviet psychology had the benefit of a rich inheritance from the Sech that laid the foundation for modern psycho enov-Botkin-Pavlov school biology and biological psychiatry. Unfortunately, the politically engendered omnipresent dogmatism during the Lysenko-Stalin era of obscurantism tended to pervert this rich scientific heritage and hindered the development of a diversity of concepts and methods in the behavioral and biological sciences.
Sommario
1. Voluntary Memorization.- 2. Involuntary Memorization.- 3. The Correlation of Voluntary and Involuntary Memorization.- 4. The Role of Understanding in Memorization.- 5. The Effect of Memorizing on Comprehension.- 6. Reflective Activity in Memorizing.- 7. Significance and Functions of Repetition.- 8. The Process of Repetition.- B. Conditions for Retroactive Inhibition.- C. The Interrelation of Image and Word in the Development of Memory.- D. On Some Correlations in the Field of Memory.- Summaries.
