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Stem Cells: A Short Course is a comprehensive text for students delving into the rapidly evolving discipline of stem cell research. Comprised of eight chapters, the text addresses all of the major facets and disciplines related to stem cell biology and research. A brief history of stem cell research serves as an introduction, followed by coverage of stem cell fundamentals; chapters then explore embryonic and fetal amniotic stem cells, adult stem cells, nuclear reprogramming, and cancer stem cells. The book concludes with chapters on stem cell applications, including the role of stem cells in drug discovery and therapeutic applications in spinal cord injury, brain damage, neurological and autoimmune disorders, among others.
Written by a leader in the field, Stem Cells: A Short Course appeals to both students and instructors alike, appealing to academic enthusiasm for stem cell research and applications.
Sommario
Preface to the Professor xvii
Preface to the Student xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
List of Figures xxv
List of Tables xxxvii
List of Case Studies xxxix
List of Focus Boxes xli
1 A HISTORY OF STEM CELL RESEARCH 1
Early Studies 1
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Discovery 4
Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Discovery 6
Successful Neural Stem Cell Culture 7
The Discovery of Cancer Stem Cells 8
Human Embryonic Stem Cell Discovery 9
Stem Cells And Cloning 11
Cord Blood Embryonic?]Like Stem Cells--An Alternative to Es and Adult Stem Cells 14
Breakthrough In Spinal Cord Injury Repair 15
The Generation of ips Cells 16
iPS Cells Derived from Keratinocytes 20
iPS Induction Without the Use of Viruses 20
Transposon?]Mediated iPS 21
Protein?]Based iPS 22
The Discovery of Human Amniotic Stem Cells 24
Human Embryonic Stem Cells Generated Without Embryo Destruction 25
Human Cloning 25
Mesenchymal Stem Cell?]Derived Human Knee Cartilage 27
The First Clinical Trial Using Human Embryonic Stem Cells 28
Mitochondrial DNA: A Barrier To Autologous Cell Therapeutics 29
Induced Pluripotency And The Potential To Save Endangered Species 30
Chapter Summary 33
Key Terms 37
Review Questions 39
Thought Question 40
Suggested Readings 40
2 FUNDAMENTALS OF STEM CELLS 43
Basic in Vitro Cell Culture--A Historical Perspective 43
Stem Cell Culture--Optimal Conditions and Techniques 48
Embryonic Stem Cell Culture 49
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Culture 52
Notch Regulation of HSC Proliferation 52
Other Drivers of HSC Proliferation 53
Adipose?]Derived Stem Cell Culture 54
The Study of Embryonic Development 56
Embryonic Development and the Origin of Stem Cells 56
Early Events in Embryogenesis 56
Germ Cell Development 61
Basic Properties of Stem Cells 63
Long?]Term Self?]Renewal 63
Different Potency Capabilities 63
Totipotency 64
Pluripotency 65
Multipotency 68
Oligopotency 68
Unipotency 69
Types of Stem Cells 70
Embryonic Stem Cells 70
Fetal Stem Cells 70
Amniotic Stem Cells 71
Adult Stem Cells 71
Induced Pluripotency (iPS) Cells 71
Cancer Stem Cells 71
The Potential of Stem Cells in Medicine and Medical Research 71
Therapeutics 71
Tissue Engineering 71
Cell Therapy 73
Cell?]Based Drug Screening 75
Chapter Summary 77
Key Terms 80
Review Questions 83
Thought Question 84
Suggested Readings 85
3 EMBRYONIC STEM, FETAL, AND AMNIOTIC STEM CELLS 87
ES Cells 87
Basic Properties 87
Pluripotency 87
Indefinite Replicative Capacity 89
Signaling and Transcriptional Control of ES Cell Replication 90
Examples of ES Cells 92
Mouse ES Cells 92
Rat ES Cells 95
Nonhuman Primate ES Cells 97
Human ES Cells 100
EC Cells 103
Embryonal Germ Cells 105
EG Cell Growth Factor Signaling 105
Comparing Embryonically Derived Cells 106
Fetal Stem Cells 108
Basic Properties 108
Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells 108
Wharton's Jelly Stem Cells 109
Amniotic Membrane Stem Cells 110
Info autore
Rob Burgess, PhD is Vice President of Global Business Development for RayBiotech, Inc. He is also an Assistant Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of Texas at Dallas within the School of Natural Sciences. He has co-founded several successful start-up companies (Lexicon Genetics, Inc. and Medical Nanotechnologies); restructured and streamlined research, development and manufacturing efforts at Zyvex Corporation; managed over 35 R&D and manufacturing scientists and engineers at Zyvex Corp; authored several book chapters and one textbook on nanomedicine, and published several papers in major peer-reviewed journals such as Science and Nature. He is an expert in the fields of vertebrae functional genomics, stem cells and nanotechnology, with a specific emphasis on stem cell gene targeting and knockout technologies.
Riassunto
Stem Cells: A Short Course is a comprehensive text for students delving into the rapidly evolving discipline of stem cell research. Comprised of eight chapters, the text addresses all of the major facets and disciplines related to stem cell biology and research.
