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The first edition of this book has enjoyed a gratifying existence. 1s sued in 1965, it found its intended place as a research reference and as a graduate-Ievel text. Research laboratories and universities reported broad use. Published reviews-some twenty-five in number-were universally kind. Subsequently the book was translated and published in Russian (Svyaz; Moscow, 1968) and Spanish (Gredos, S.A.; Madrid, 1972). Copies of the first edition have been exhausted for several years, but demand for the material continues. At the behest of the publisher, and with the encouragement of numerous colleagues, a second edition was begun in 1970. The aim was to retain the original format, but to expand the content, especially in the areas of digital communications and com puter techniques for speech signal processing. As before, the intended audience is the graduate-Ievel engineer and physicist, but the psycho physicist, phonetician, speech scientist and linguist should find material of interest.
Sommario
I. Voice Communication.- 1.1. The Advent of Telephony.- 1.2. Efficient Transmission of Speech.- 1.3. Capacity of the Human Channel.- 1.4. Analysis-Synthesis Telephony: An Approach to Improved Efficiency.- II. The Mechanism of Speech Production.- 2.1. Physiology of the Vocal Apparatus.- 2.2. The Sounds of Speech.- 2.3. Quantitative Description of Speech.- III. Acoustical Properties of the Vocal System.- 3.1. The Vocal Tract as an Acoustic System.- 3.2. Equivalent Circuit for the Lossy Cylindrical Pipe.- 3.3. The Radiation Load at the Mouth and Nostrils.- 3.4. Spreading of Sound About the Head.- 3.5. The Source for Voiced Sounds.- 3.6. The Source for Noise and Transient Excitation of the Tract.- 3.7. Some Characteristics of Vocal Tract Transmission.- 3.8. Fundamentals of Speech and Hearing in Analysis-Synthesis Telephony.- IV. The Ear and Hearing.- 4.1. Mechanism of the Ear.- 4.2. Computational Models for Ear Function.- 4.3. Illustrative Relations between Subjective and Physiological Behavior.- V. Techniques for Speech Analysis.- 5.1. Spectral Analysis of Speech.- 5.2. Formant Analysis of Speech.- 5.3. Analysis of Voice Pitch.- 5.4. Articulatory Analysis of the Vocal Mechanism.- 5.5. Automatic Recognition of Speech.- 5.6. Automatic Recognition and Verification of Speakers.- VI. Speech Synthesis.- 6.1. Mechanical Speaking Machines; Historical Efforts.- 6.2. Electrical Methods for Speech Synthesis.- VII. Perception of Speech and Speech-Like Sounds.- 7.1, Differential vs. Absolute Discrimination.- 7.2. Differential Discriminations Along Signal Dimensions Related to Speech.- 7.3. Absolute Discrimination of Speech and Speech-Like Sounds.- 7.4. Effects of Context and Vocabulary upon Speech Perception.- 7.5. The Perceptual Units of Speech.- 7.6. Subjective Evaluation of Transmission Systems.- 7.7. Calculating Intelligibility Scores from System Response and Noise Level: The Articulation Index.- 7.8. Supplementary Sensory Channels for Speech Perception.- VIII. Systems for Analysis-Synthesis Telephony.- 8.1. Channel Vocoders.- 8.2. Reduced Redundancy Channel Vocoders.- 8.3. Voice-Excited Vocoders.- 8.4. Correlation Vocoders.- 8.5. Formant Vocoders.- 8.6. Orthogonal Function Vocoders.- 8.7. Homomorphic Vocoders.- 8.8. Maximum Likelihood Vocoders.- 8.9. Linear Prediction Vocoders.- 8.10. Articulatory Vocoders.- 8.11. Frequency-Dividing Vocoders.- 8.12. Time-Assignment Transmission of Speech.- 8.13. Predictive Coding of Speech.- 8.14. Delta Modulation.- References.- Author Index.
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