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Informationen zum Autor ANATOLY V. ZAYATS, PhD, is Professor of Experimental Physics and the Head of the Experimental Biophysics and Nanotechnology Group at King's College London. He also leads the UK EPSRC research program on active plasmonics. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Physics, the Optical Society of America, and SPIE. STEFAN MAIER, PhD, is the Co-Director of the Centre for Plasmonics and Metamaterials at Imperial College London. He was the recipient of the 2010 Sackler Prize in the Physical Sciences and the 2010 Paterson Medal of the Institute of Physics. A Fellow of the OSA and Institute of Physics, Dr. Maier has published over 130 journal articles in the area of nanoplasmonics, and is a frequent invited speaker at international conferences. Klappentext Provides an overview of the current and future states of plasmonics and plasmonic-based metamaterials, with an emphasis on active functionalitiesPlasmonics refers to the science and technology of manipulating electromagnetic signals by coherent coupling of photons to free electron oscillations at the interface between a conductor and a dielectric. Over the last ten years, this research field has emerged as an extremely promising technology with several fields of application such as information technology, energy, high-density data storage, life sciences, and security.Active Plasmonics and Tuneable Plasmonic Metamaterials provides a collection of authoritative reviews in plasmonics from the most well-respected scientists in this fast-growing and technologically important field. It covers active plasmonics functionalities in waveguide-based systems as well as metamaterials with an emphasis on electric-field and optically-driven integrated plasmonic sources, nonlinear plasmonic elements, tuneable plasmonic metamaterials, and plasmonic nanolasers.Chapter coverage includes:* Spaser, Plasmonic Amplification, and Loss Compensation* Nonlinear Effects in Plasmonic Systems* Plasmonic Nanorod Metamaterials as a Platform for Active Nanophotonics* Transformation Optics for Plasmonics* Loss Compensation and Amplification of Surface Plasmon Polaritons* Controlling Light Propagation with Interfacial Phase Discontinuities* Integrated Plasmonic Detectors* Terahertz Plasmonic Surfaces for Sensing* Subwavelength Imaging by Extremely Anisotropic Media* Active and Tuneable Metallic Nanoslit LensesIdeal for researchers and students in the fields of plasmonics, photonics, and nanotechnology, this book describes in depth the road already traveled in plasmonics and the future possibilities of this rich and vital technology. Zusammenfassung This book, edited by two of the most respected researchers in plasmonics, gives an overview of the current state in plasmonics and plasmonic-based metamaterials, with an emphasis on active functionalities and an eye to future developments. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xiii Contributors xvii 1 Spaser, Plasmonic Amplification, and Loss Compensation 1 Mark I. Stockman 1.1 Introduction to Spasers and Spasing 1 1.2 Spaser Fundamentals 2 1.2.1 Brief Overview of the Latest Progress in Spasers 5 1.3 Quantum Theory of Spaser 7 1.3.1 Surface Plasmon Eigenmodes and Their Quantization 7 1.3.2 Quantum Density Matrix Equations (Optical Bloch Equations) for Spaser 9 1.3.3 Equations for CW Regime 11 1.3.4 Spaser operation in CW Mode 15 1.3.5 Spaser as Ultrafast Quantum Nanoamplifier 17 1.3.6 Monostable Spaser as a Nanoamplifier in Transient Regime 18 1.4 Compensation of Loss by Gain and Spasing 22 1.4.1 Introduction to Loss Compensation by Gain 22 1.4.2 Permittivity of Nanoplasmonic Metamaterial 22 1.4.3 Plasmonic Eigenmodes and Effective Resonant Permittivity of Metamaterials 24 1.4.4 Conditions of Loss Compensation by Gain and Spasing 25 1....
Sommario
Preface xiii
Contributors xvii
1 Spaser, Plasmonic Amplification, and Loss Compensation 1
Mark I. Stockman
1.1 Introduction to Spasers and Spasing 1
1.2 Spaser Fundamentals 2
1.2.1 Brief Overview of the Latest Progress in Spasers 5
1.3 Quantum Theory of Spaser 7
1.3.1 Surface Plasmon Eigenmodes and Their Quantization 7
1.3.2 Quantum Density Matrix Equations (Optical Bloch Equations) for Spaser 9
1.3.3 Equations for CW Regime 11
1.3.4 Spaser operation in CW Mode 15
1.3.5 Spaser as Ultrafast Quantum Nanoamplifier 17
1.3.6 Monostable Spaser as a Nanoamplifier in Transient Regime 18
1.4 Compensation of Loss by Gain and Spasing 22
1.4.1 Introduction to Loss Compensation by Gain 22
1.4.2 Permittivity of Nanoplasmonic Metamaterial 22
1.4.3 Plasmonic Eigenmodes and Effective Resonant Permittivity of Metamaterials 24
1.4.4 Conditions of Loss Compensation by Gain and Spasing 25
1.4.5 Discussion of Spasing and Loss Compensation by Gain 27
1.4.6 Discussion of Published Research on Spasing and Loss Compensations 29
2 Nonlinear Effects in Plasmonic Systems 41
Pavel Ginzburg and Meir Orenstein
2.1 Introduction 41
2.2 Metallic Nonlinearities--Basic Effects and Models 43
2.2.1 Local Nonlinearity--Transients by Carrier Heating 43
2.2.2 Plasma Nonlinearity--The Ponderomotive Force 45
2.2.3 Parametric Process in Metals 46
2.2.4 Metal Damage and Ablation 48
2.3 Nonlinear Propagation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons 49
2.3.1 Nonlinear SPP Modes 50
2.3.2 Plasmon Solitons 50
2.3.3 Nonlinear Plasmonic Waveguide Couplers 54
2.4 Localized Surface Plasmon Nonlinearity 55
2.4.1 Cavities and Nonlinear Interactions Enhancement 56
2.4.2 Enhancement of Nonlinear Vacuum Effects 58
2.4.3 High Harmonic Generation 60
2.4.4 Localized Field Enhancement Limitations 60
2.5 Summary 62
3 Plasmonic Nanorod Metamaterials as a Platform for Active Nanophotonics 69
Gregory A. Wurtz, Wayne Dickson, Anatoly V. Zayats, Antony Murphy, and Robert J. Pollard
3.1 Introduction 69
3.2 Nanorod Metamaterial Geometry 71
3.3 Optical Properties 72
3.3.1 Microscopic Description of the Metamaterial Electromagnetic Modes 72
3.3.2 Effective Medium Theory of the Nanorod Metamaterial 76
3.3.3 Epsilon-Near-Zero Metamaterials and Spatial Dispersion Effects 79
3.3.4 Guided Modes in the Anisotropic Metamaterial Slab 82
3.4 Nonlinear Effects in Nanorod Metamaterials 82
3.4.1 Nanorod Metamaterial Hybridized with Nonlinear Dielectric 84
3.4.2 Intrinsic Metal Nonlinearity of Nanorod Metamaterials 85
3.5 Molecular Plasmonics in Metamaterials 89
3.6 Electro-Optical Effects in Plasmonic Nanorod Metamaterial Hybridized with Liquid Crystals 97
3.7 Conclusion 98
4 Transformation Optics for Plasmonics 105
Alexandre Aubry and John B. Pendry
4.1 Introduction 105
4.2 The Conformal Transformation Approach 108
4.2.1 A Set of Canonic Plasmonic Structures 109
4.2.2 Perfect Singular Structures 110
4.2.3 Singular Plasmonic Structures 114
4.2.3.1 Conformal Mapping of Singular Structures 114
4.2.3.2 Conformal Mapping of Blunt-Ended Singular Structures 118
4.2.4 Resonant Plasmonic Structures 119
4.3 Broadband Light Harvesting and Nanofocusing 121
4.3.1 Broadband Light Absorption 121
4.3.2 Balance between Energy Accum
