Ulteriori informazioni
The importance of the therapeutic time window for ischemic stroke has been widely accepted for a long time. Consequently, I have been thinking about the past, when the term "brain attack," which was reimported from the United States, began to spread by repetition. In the 1980s, I had made an enthusiastic study of acute-phase cerebral revascularization for ischemic stroke. At that time, we could cure only a quite lim ited number of patients, such as those who already were hospitalized or who, fortu nately, were brought to the hospital within a few hours from the onset of the stroke. RM Crowell, in his 1977 report! on cases of failure, had identified the consider able problems in acute-phase cerebral revascularization as diagnosis of tissue reversibility, brain-protective reagents or methods, and effective techniques for revascularization. I remember that we strongly endorsed his opinion. Recently, the basic study of stroke has advanced significantly, resulting in newly developed materials and new experimental techniques, which are introduced in this book. I hope that new basic knowledge will be clinically applied.
Sommario
1. Strategies using neuritic reconstruction and neuroregeneration.- Neural stem cells as a tool for cell transplantation.- Repair of mammalian central nervous pathways: attempts to reconstruct normal neural connetions with marked functional recovery.- 2. Strategies of neuroprotection.- The MEK/ERK pathway as a target for stroke therapy.- Redox regulation in neuronal damage during brain ischemia-The role of thioredoxin in ischemic neuronal death.- Structure and functions of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) as a neurotrophic factor.- Neurite outgrowth-promoting prostaglandins that act as neuroprotective agents against brain ischemia and may enhance recovery of higher neuronal functions.- 3. Strategies using survival or death signals in neurons.- Molecular mechanisms of neuronal survival; Roles of kinases in ischemic cell death.- Gene expression and manipulation in injured neurons.- 4. Strategies for and from cortical spreading depression.- Brain ischemia and spreading depression in a primate model.- Infarct tolerance induced by repetitive cortical spreading depression is reproduced by prolonged intracerebral infusion of recombinant brain-derived neurotrophic factor.- 5. Strategies using hypothermia.- The importance of thermal changes in the pathophysiology of stroke: Post-stroke fever and hypothermia therapy.- Cerebrovascular disease and hypothermia Part I: Effects of mild hypothermia in the management of cerebrovascular disease.- Cerebrovascular disease and hypothermia Part II: An experimental approach for ischemic neuronal death.- Neuroprotection by mild hypothermia for temporary or permanent focal ischemia.- 6. Strategies for cerebral aneurysm and vasospasm.- The roles of MMPs for cerebral aneurysm formation.- Systemically administeredthrombin inhibitors can prevent neointimal formation and cerebral vasospasm: The possible role of thrombin and PDGF-BB in vascular pathogeneses.- Cerebral vasospasm induced by the interaction between macrophage and oxidized membrane of erythrocyte.- 7. Developments in brain-imaging technology.- Evaluation and analysis of brain attack using MR functional imaging.- Key Word Index.
Riassunto
The importance of the therapeutic time window for ischemic stroke has been widely accepted for a long time. Consequently, I have been thinking about the past, when the term "brain attack," which was reimported from the United States, began to spread by repetition. In the 1980s, I had made an enthusiastic study of acute-phase cerebral revascularization for ischemic stroke. At that time, we could cure only a quite lim ited number of patients, such as those who already were hospitalized or who, fortu nately, were brought to the hospital within a few hours from the onset of the stroke. RM Crowell, in his 1977 report! on cases of failure, had identified the consider able problems in acute-phase cerebral revascularization as diagnosis of tissue reversibility, brain-protective reagents or methods, and effective techniques for revascularization. I remember that we strongly endorsed his opinion. Recently, the basic study of stroke has advanced significantly, resulting in newly developed materials and new experimental techniques, which are introduced in this book. I hope that new basic knowledge will be clinically applied.
