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The importance of mycorrhiza for the improvement of plant growth is increasingly being realised in Agriculture and Forestry and several mycorrhizal fungi have been commercially recognised for the purpose. The aim of this book is to describe the various techniques used to study the mycorrhizal biology. Problems with preparing such a book are many. Mainly mailing of manuscripts to and from authors resulted in irregular and final editing. Every effort was made not to change the peer review original manuscript to ensure accuracy. Our sole aims is to communicate to the greatest extent possible a current world need in mycorrhizal research. Plant productivity is regulated by microbial associations established in the plant root systems. The interactions of microorganisms and plant roots are especially important in providing nutritional requirements of the plant and the associated microorganisms. Plant growth and development are controlled largely by the soil environment in the root region -rhizosphere. This is a very complex environment in which the effects of the plant on soil microorganisms and the effects of microorganisms on the plant are interacting, interdependent and highly complex. Plant root exudates and breakdown products feed the microbes and the microbe in tum often benefit the plant. Mycorrhizal fungi are important tools for increasing growth, development and yield of economically important plants, they play important role of biofertilizer which can help establish plants in nutrient deficient soils, particularly phosphorus deficient soils, arid, semi-arid and waste lands.
Sommario
Introduction: Mycorrhizal Studies.- 1. Soil microbes.- 2. Soil microflora: isolation, enumeration and identification.- 3. Soil factors in relation to distribution and occurrence of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza.- 4. Rhizosphere biology.- 5. Root exudate biology.- 6. Isolation of ectomycorrhizal fungi: methods and techniques.- 7. Production of incoulum of ectomycorrhizal fungi.- 8. Identification of ectomycorrhizas.- 9. Tehniques for the isolation of VAM/AM fungi in soil.- 10. Methods in study of viability of VAM fungal spores.- 11. Root-Clearing techniques and quantification of arbuscular myconhizal fungi.- 12. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi - identification, taxonomic criteria, classification, controversies and terminology.- 13. Tehniques of AM fungus inoculum production.- 14. Multiplication of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on roots.- 15. Biotechnological approaches for mass production of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: current scenario and future strategies.- 16. VAM technology in establishment of plants under salinity stress conditions.- 17. Method in study of degradation of mycorrhizal roots.- 18. Ericoid mycorrhiza - isolation and identification.- 19. Ericoid mycorrhizae - current status.- 20. Orchidoid mycorrhiza and techniques to investigate.- 21. Some aspects of monotropoid mycorrhizas.- 22. Role of mycorrhizae in in vitro micropropagation of plant.- 23. Evaluating performance ofplants infected with vescicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for alleviating abiotic stresses.- 24. Mycorrhizae as biocontrol agents.- List of Contributers.
Riassunto
The importance of mycorrhiza for the improvement of plant growth is increasingly being realised in Agriculture and Forestry and several mycorrhizal fungi have been commercially recognised for the purpose. The aim of this book is to describe the various techniques used to study the mycorrhizal biology. Problems with preparing such a book are many. Mainly mailing of manuscripts to and from authors resulted in irregular and final editing. Every effort was made not to change the peer review original manuscript to ensure accuracy. Our sole aims is to communicate to the greatest extent possible a current world need in mycorrhizal research. Plant productivity is regulated by microbial associations established in the plant root systems. The interactions of microorganisms and plant roots are especially important in providing nutritional requirements of the plant and the associated microorganisms. Plant growth and development are controlled largely by the soil environment in the root region -rhizosphere. This is a very complex environment in which the effects of the plant on soil microorganisms and the effects of microorganisms on the plant are interacting, interdependent and highly complex. Plant root exudates and breakdown products feed the microbes and the microbe in tum often benefit the plant. Mycorrhizal fungi are important tools for increasing growth, development and yield of economically important plants, they play important role of biofertilizer which can help establish plants in nutrient deficient soils, particularly phosphorus deficient soils, arid, semi-arid and waste lands.
