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Informationen zum Autor Despina Tsipi is the Director of Food Safety & Quality Laboratories (including the Pesticide Residues Laboratory) of the General Chemical State Laboratory, Athens, Greece. She holds a B.Sc. in Chemistry and a Ph.D in Photochemistry from the University of Athens, after a doctoral fellowship in NRSC Demokritos. She works in the field of pesticide residues analysis in foodstuffs and environment using hyphenated MS techniques for over 20 years. Between 2003-2006, she joined the Panel of Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR-Panel) of the European Food Safety Authority. She is a founding member and current president of the Hellenic Mass Spectrometry Society. Helen Botitsi is the Head of the Pesticide Residues Laboratory, a National Reference Laboratory of EU for pesticide residues analysis in foods of plant and animal origin of the General Chemical State Laboratory, Athens, Greece. She holds a B.Sc. in Chemistry and a Ph.D in Biochemistry from the University of Athens. Her main field of expertise is method development for pesticide and pharmaceutical residues analysis in foodstuffs and environmental samples using GC-MS and LC-MS techniques as well as method validation and quality control. Anastasios Economou is Associate Professor at the Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, University of Athens, Greece. He holds a B.Sc. in Chemistry from the University of Athens, a M.Sc. and a Ph.D in Analytical Science and Chemical Instrumentation from the University of Manchester. His research interests are focused on the development of electrochemical, spectroscopic and chromatographic analytical methods as well as the development of automated analytical systems. Klappentext Provides an overview of the use of mass spectrometry (MS) for the analysis of pesticide residues and their metabolites.* Presents state of the-art MS techniques for the identification of pesticides and their transformation products in food and environment* Covers important advances in MS techniques including MS instrumentation and chromatographic separations (e.g. UPLC, HILIC, comprehensive GCxGC) and applications* Illustrates the main sample preparation techniques (SPE, QuEChERS, microextraction) used in combination with MS for the analysis of pesticides* Describes various established and new ionization techniques as well as the main MS platforms, software tools and mass spectral libraries Zusammenfassung Provides an overview of the use of mass spectrometry (MS) for the analysis of pesticide residues and their metabolites. Inhaltsverzeichnis List of contributors xi Foreword xiii Preface xv 1 Pesticide Chemistry and Risk Assessment 1 Despina Tsipi, Helen Botitsi, and Anastasios Economou 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Pesticide Chemistry 2 1.2.1 Historical Perspective 2 1.2.2 Identity and Physicochemical Properties of Pesticides 2 1.2.3 Pesticide Classification 4 1.2.4 Modes of Action (MoA) 5 1.3 Pesticide Metabolites and Transformation Products 8 1.3.1 Biotransformation 9 1.3.2 Environmental Fate 13 1.4 Risk Assessment 14 1.4.1 Safety Factors 14 1.4.2 Ecological Risk Assessment for Pesticides 15 1.5 Dietary Exposure to Pesticides 17 1.5.1 Acute Exposure or Short¿Term Intake 18 1.5.2 Chronic Exposure or Long¿Term Intake 18 1.5.3 Cumulative Exposure to Multiple Substances 18 1.6 Pesticide Residues in Food 19 1.6.1 Maximum Residue Limits 19 1.6.2 Residue Definition 20 1.6.3 Reporting of Results 28 1.6.4 Residue Analysis 28 References 29 2 Legislation, Monitoring, and Analytical Quality Control for Pesticide Residues 35 Despina Tsipi, Helen Botitsi, and Anastasios Economou 2.1 Introduction 35 2.2 Food Safety 36 2.2.1 CAC of Food and A...
