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Zusammenfassung Presents the application of cutting-edge brain machine interface technologies and concepts to support astronauts in space. This book is suitable for space scientists! neuroscientists! and biomedical engineers alike.
List of contents
CONTENTS
Contributors......................................................................... xi
Foreword ............................................................................... xv
Preface ................................................................................... xvii
SECTION ONE
HYBRID BIONIC SYSTEMS
EMGBased and GazeTrackingBased Man-Machine Interfaces
Federico Carpi and Danilo De Rossi
I. Introduction ........................................................................ 4
II. EMGBasedInterfaces............................................................. 5
III. GazeTrackingBasedInterfaces.................................................. 12
IV. FinalRemark ....................................................................... 19
References .......................................................................... 19
Bidirectional Interfaces with the Peripheral Nervous System
Silvestro Micera and Xavier Navarro
I. Introduction ........................................................................ 24
II. OrganizationandFunctionofthePNS ........................................ 25
III. Nerve Electrodes:TypesandApplications..................................... 28
IV. Stimulationand RecordingNeuralSignals .................................... 31
V. BiomedicalApplications.......................................................... 33
References .......................................................................... 35
Interfacing Insect Brain for Space Applications
Giovanni Di Pino, Tobias Seidl, Antonella Benvenuto,
Fabrizio Sergi, Domenico Campolo, Dino Accoto,
Paolo Maria Rossini, and Eugenio Guglielmelli
I. Introduction ........................................................................ 40
II. Interfaces............................................................................ 41
III. SensoryandMotorMapping..................................................... 44
IV. ProposingaModelofHybrid Control Architecture ......................... 45
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vi CONTENTS
V. ConclusionsandOutlook......................................................... 46
References........................................................................... 47
SECTION TWO
MEET THE BRAIN
Meet the Brain: Neurophysiology
John Rothwell
I. Introduction......................................................................... 52
II. HowDoNeuronsTransmit Information?...................................... 53
III. Synapses ............................................................................. 55
IV. TheMotorAreasofthe CerebralCortex....................................... 57
V. PlasticityofPrimaryMotorCortex .............................................. 63
VI. Conclusions ......................................................................... 64
References........................................................................... 65
Fundamentals of Electroencefalography, Magnetoencefalography, and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Claudio Babiloni, Vittorio Pizzella, Cosimo del Gratta,
Antonio Ferretti, and Gian Luca Romani
I. Introduction to Electroencephalography andMagnetoencephalography ................................................... 68
II. Physiological GenerationofEEG/MEGSignals............................... 69
III. EEG and MEG Techniques Allow the Study of Brain Rhythms............. 73
IV. FunctionalMagneticResonanceImaging ...................................... 74
V. Physiological Generation of Blood Oxygen LevelDependent Signal ...... 75
VI. TypicalfMRIExperimentalDesigns.....
