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Informationen zum Autor Dr. James A. Newell is a professor of engineering at Rowan University. He received his PhD in engineering concentrating in polymers from Clemson in 1994. In 1997, he was named as the Dow Outstanding New Faculty Member by the North Midwest section of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE). In 2001, he received the Ray Fahien Award from ASEE for contributions to Chemical Engineering education. Along with Kevin Dahm, he also received the 2001 Professional Interest Council Group III (PIC-III) Best Paper Award at the 2001 ASEE conference in Albuquerque. Klappentext Wo sich andere Bücher über Materialwissenschaft auf Metalle konzentrieren, bespricht dieses die ganze Palette der modernen Werkstoffe von Polymeren über Keramiken bis zu Kompositen. Einen Schwerpunkt des Bandes, der alle Kapitel durchzieht, bilden ökonomische Fragen, die im Kontext des gesamten Lebenszyklus der Produkte diskutiert werden. Besonders geeignet ist das Buch als Entscheidungsgrundlage für Ingenieure bei der Materialauswahl. Zusammenfassung Wo sich andere Bücher über Materialwissenschaft auf Metalle konzentrieren, bespricht dieses die ganze Palette der modernen Werkstoffe von Polymeren über Keramiken bis zu Kompositen. Einen Schwerpunkt des Bandes, der alle Kapitel durchzieht, bilden ökonomische Fragen, die im Kontext des gesamten Lebenszyklus der Produkte diskutiert werden. Besonders geeignet ist das Buch als Entscheidungsgrundlage für Ingenieure bei der Materialauswahl. Inhaltsverzeichnis Chapter 1 Introduction 2 WHY STUDY MATERIALS SCIENCE? 4 1.1 Overview of Materials Science 4 WHAT ISSUES IMPACT MATERIALS SELECTION AND DESIGN? 4 1.2 Property Considerations for Specifi c Applications 5 1.3 Impact of Bonding of Material Properties 10 1.4 Changes of Properties over Time 17 1.5 Impact of Economics on Decision Making 18 1.6 Sustainability and Green Engineering 18 WHAT CHOICES ARE AVAILABLE? 21 1.7 Classes of Materials 21 Chapter 2 Structure in Materials 30 HOW ARE ATOMS ARRANGED IN MATERIALS? 32 2.1 Introduction 32 2.2 Levels of Order 33 2.3 Lattice Parameters and Atomic Packing Factors 36 2.4 Density Estimations 40 2.5 Crystallographic Planes 41 2.6 Miller Indices 43 HOW ARE CRYSTALS MEASURED? 45 2.7 X-Ray Diffraction 45 2.8 Microscopy 52 HOW DO CRYSTALS FORM AND GROW? 53 2.9 Nucleation and Grain Growth 53 WHAT KINDS OF FLAWS ARE PRESENT IN CRYSTALS AND WHAT DO THEY AFFECT? 54 2.10 Point Defects 54 2.11 Dislocations 55 2.12 Slip 56 2.13 Dislocation Climb 59 WHAT NEW DEVELOPMENTS ARE HAPPENING WITH CRYSTALS AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURES? 60 2.14 Monocrystals and Nanocrystals 60 Chapter 3 Measurement of Mechanical Properties 66 HOW DO I KNOW HOW TO MEASURE PROPERTIES? 68 3.1 ASTM Standards 68 WHAT PROPERTIES CAN BE MEASURED AND WHAT DO THEY TELL ME? 69 3.2 Tensile Testing 69 3.3 Compressive Testing 79 3.4 Bend Testing 80 3.5 Hardness Testing 80 3.6 Creep Testing 83 3.7 Impact Testing 84 WILL I GET THE SAME RESULT EVERY TIME I RUN A SPECIFIC TEST? 86 3.8 Error and Reproducibility in Measurement 86 WHY DO MATERIALS FAIL UNDER STRESS? 91 3.9 Fracture Mechanics 91 HOW DO MECHANICAL PROPERTIES CHANGE OVER TIME? 94 3.10 Fatigue Testing 95 3.11 Accelerated Aging Studies 96 Chapter 4 Metals 104 HOW DO YOU WORK WITH METALS? 106 4.1 Forming Operations 106 WHAT ADVANTAGES DO ALLOYS OFFER? 110 4.2 Alloys and Phase Diagrams 110 4.3 Carbon Steel 118 4.4 Phase Transitions 127 4.5 Age Hardening (Precipitation Hardening) 131 4.6 Copper and Its Alloys 132 ...
