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Ontology is the philosophical discipline which aims to understand how things in the world are divided into categories and how these categories are related together. This is exactly what information scientists aim for in creating structured, automated representations, called ontologies, for managing information in fields such as science, government, industry, and healthcare. Currently, these systems are designed in a variety of different ways, so they cannot share data with one another. They are often idiosyncratically structured, accessible only to those who created them, and unable to serve as inputs for automated reasoning. This volume shows, in a non-technical way and using examples from medicine and biology, how the rigorous application of theories and insights from philosophical ontology can improve the ontologies upon which information management depends.
List of contents
Introduction: What is Ontology for?
Katherine Munn
Acknowledgments
1. Bioinformatics and Philosophy
Barry Smith and Bert Klagges
2. What Is Formal Ontology?
Boris Hennig
3. A Primer on Knowledge Management and Ontological Engineering
Pierre Grenon
4. New Desiderata for Biomedical Terminologies
Barry Smith
5. The Benefits of Realism: A Realist Logic with Applications
Barry Smith
6. A Theory of Granular Partitions
Thomas Bittner and Barry Smith
7. Classifications
Ludger Jansen
8. Categories: The Top-Level Ontology
Ludger Jansen
9. The Classification of Living Beings
Peter Heuer and Boris Hennig
10. Ontological Relations
Ulf Schwarz and Barry Smith
11. Four Kinds of Is_A Relation
Ingvar Johansson
12. Occurrents
Boris Hennig
13. Bioinformatics and Biological Reality
Ingvar Johansson
References
Index
About the author
Katherine Munn is a former researcher for the Institute for Formal Ontology and Medical Information Science and is currently reading for a PhD in philosophy at Oxford University.
Barry Smith is a prominent contributor to both theoretical and applied research in ontology. He is the author of some 450 scientific publications on ontology and related topics. Currently, the primary focus of his research is the application of ontology in biomedicine and biomedical informatics.
