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Informationen zum Autor Stefani Hoffman is the former Director of the Mayrock Center for Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research at The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, and coeditor of Restructuring Post-Communist Russia. Ezra Mendelsohn is Professor Emeritus, Institute of Contemporary Jewry and Russian Studies at The Hebrew University. His most recent book is entitled Painting a People: Maurycy Gottlieb and Jewish Art. He is coeditor of the journals Zion and Studies in Contemporary Jewry. Klappentext The 1905 Revolution in Russia ushered in an unprecedented (though brief) period of social and political freedom in the Russian Empire. This environment made possible the emergence of mass Jewish politics and the flourishing of a new, modern Jewish culture expressed in Yiddish, Hebrew, and Russian. Unfortunately, 1905 also unleashed popular anti-Semitism in the shape of pogroms on a scale previously unknown. Russian Jewry, by far the largest Jewish community in the world at that time, faced fateful decisions. Should the Jews strive to uphold Jewish national uniqueness either in the context of the Russian Empire or by emigrating to Palestine/the Land of Israel, or should they identify with and merge into the general revolutionary or liberal movements in their country of birth? What direction should Jewish culture and social organizations take within the context of democratization and modernization? In what language or languages should this culture be expressed? How should Jews abroad react to the revolutionary crisis and to the dilemmas of their coreligionists? The thought-provoking essays in this volume shed new light on these issues while placing them in the larger context of the historical, social, and cultural developments within the Russian Empire. The authors, representing various disciplines, emphasize both the highly varied Jewish responses to the great crisis and the degree to which these responses shared certain vital characteristics. Zusammenfassung In this multidisciplinary volume! leading historians provide new understanding of a time that sent shockwaves through Jewish communities in and beyond the Russian Empire and transformed the way Jews thought about the politics of ethnic and national identity. Inhaltsverzeichnis Introduction —Benjamin Nathans PART I. REASSESSING THE 1905 REVOLUTION 1. Interpreting 1905 —Abraham Ascher 2. Nicholas II and the Revolution —Richard Wortman PART II. THE OLD REGIME CONFRONTS ITS "JEWISH QUESTION" 3. A Note on the Jewish Press and Censorship during the First Russian Revolution —Dmitrii Elyashevich 4. The Russian Right Responds to 1905: Visual Depictions of Jews in Postrevolutionary Russia —Robert Weinberg 5. "The Jewish Question" in the Tsarist Army in the Early Twentieth Century —Semion Goldin PART III. 1905 AS A CROSSROADS FOR THE EMPIRE'S JEWS 6. Victory from Defeat: 1905 and the Society for the Promotion of Enlightenment among the Jews of Russia —Brian Horowitz 7. The Generation of 1905 and the Politics of Despair: Alienation, Friendship, Community —Scott Ury 8. The Jewish Socialist Parties in Russia in the Period of Reaction —Vladimir Levin 9. 1905 as a Watershed in Polish-Jewish Relations —Theodore R. Weeks PART IV. CULTURAL REFLECTIONS OF REVOLUTION 10. Polish Literature's Portrayal of Jewish Involvement in 1905 —Agnieszka Friedrich 11 Rebellion in Writing: Yosef Haim Brenner and the 1905 Revolution —Hannan Hever 12. The Revolutionary Origins of Yiddish Scholarship, 1903-1917 —Barry Trachtenberg 13. 1905 as a Jewish Cultural Revolution? Revolutionary and Evolutionary Dynamics in the East European Jewish Cultural Sphere, 1900-1914 —Kenneth Moss 14. Jewish Cultural Associations in the Aftermath of 1905 —Jeffrey Veidlinger 15. Writing between the L...
