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This book presents, for the first time, a detailed, holistic synthesis of the lifeways, culture, history, and material record of the ceremonially and socially rich Hopewell peoples who lived in the Scioto valley and neighboring areas in Ohio in the first centuries A.D. The Scioto Hopewell built monumental, 80 acre earthworks aligned precisely to astronomical events, masterfully worked glistening metals and semiprecious stones into elegant designs, and honored their dead with these vocal artifacts in community burial houses two-thirds the size of a football field. The Scioto Hopewell's intricate social order and religious concepts of alliance afforded them three centuries of intercommunity peace. The first half of the work, written in the vein of classic ethnographies that focus on a local group in context, thickly describes the local, natural and symbolic environmental setting, subsistence and settlement pattern, community and sociopolitical organization, ceremonial organization, intercommunity dynamics, and world views of Scioto Hopewell peoples. By taking an encompassing and historical view of Scioto Hopewell life, both its origins and ending are revealed. These detailed cultural and historical reconstructions are strongly anchored empirically in the second half of the book. The data bases document the archaeological and human remains from all 52 Ohio Hopewell ceremonial centers that have been excavated and reported; the intrasite layouts and precise geographic placements of most of these centers as well as the locations of many other, unexplored ones; and the ceremonial functions, meanings, and social role associations of 51 kinds of historic Woodland Native American ceremonial paraphernalia analogous to those used and interred by Ohio Hopewell peoples. The book is also liberally illustrated with photographs and drawings of Scioto Hopewell artwork, ceremonial paraphernalia, sites, and landscapes. The authors share all these data, along with manyinsights about key, future research topics, with the hope that others will use them to continue to pursue the empirically rich, holistic, and humanized understanding of Ohio Hopewell peoples begun in this book.
List of contents
Rationale and Framework.- Documenting the Lives of Ohio Hopewell People: A Philosophical and Empirical Foundation.- The Scioto Hopewell: Land, People, Culture, and History.- Environmental Setting, Natural Symbols, and Subsistence.- Settlement and Communities.- Social and Ritual Organization.- World View and the Dynamics of Change: The Beginning and the End of Scioto Hopewell Culture and Lifeways.- Inventory and Documentation.- Documenting the Ohio Hopewell Mortuary Record: The Bioarchaeological Data Base.- Ceremonial Site Locations, Descriptions, and Bibliography.- Definition of Variables and Variable States.- Evaluating the Consistency of Age and Sex Assessments of Ohio Hopewell Human Remains by Previous Investigators.- Aging and Sexing Human Remains from the Hopewell Site.- The Functions and Meanings of Ohio Hopewell Ceremonial Artifacts in Ethnohistorical Perspective.- Contextualizing Preanalyses of the Ohio Hopewell Mortuary Data, I: Age, Sex, Burial-Deposit, and Intraburial Artifact Count Distributions.- Contextualizing Preanalyses of the Ohio Hopewell Mortuary Data, II: Associations of Artifact Classes across Burials.- Data Accuracy and Precision: A Comparison of the HOPEBIOARCH Data Base to N. Greber's and T. Lloyd's Data Bases.- Future Directions.- Coming to Know Ohio Hopewell Peoples Better: Topics for Future Research, Masters' Theses, and Doctoral Dissertations.
About the author
Christopher Carr is an archaeologist with primary interest in the prehistory of eastern North America, especially the social organizations, rituals and belief systems of tribal peoples of the Midwest from about 1000 B.C. to Contact. To reconstruct these aspects of their lifeways, he focuses on their mortuary practices and art. His research makes strong use of anthropological theories about the causes of development of tribal and rank social organization from simpler social systems. It also has involved the development of archaeological theory about how mortuary practices and artistic style reflect social and political structures and processes.
Summary
Bioarchaeological Documentation and Cultural Understanding
Additional text
From the reviews:
"Future archaeologists will likely look back on this book as marking a major watershed in the study of Ohio’s Hopewell people." George Milner, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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From the reviews:
"Future archaeologists will likely look back on this book as marking a major watershed in the study of Ohio's Hopewell people." George Milner, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
