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Informationen zum Autor Goktug Morcol (Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg, Middletown, USA) (Edited by) , Lorlene Hoyt (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA) (Edited by) , Jack W. Meek (University of La Verne, California, USA) (Edited by) , Ulf Zimmermann (Kennesaw State University, Georgia, USA) (Edited by) Klappentext The important of Business improvement districts (BIDs) in regards to metropolitan service delivery and governance has increased considerably in the last few decades. Presenting empirical research and theoretical discussion on BIDs in the United States! the United Kingdom! and Canada! this book includes an analysis of the pros and cons of BIDs and how they impact urban planning. It addresses issues such as performance evaluation! accountability! the effectiveness of BIDs! as well as legal issues including the democratic representation of residents and business owners. The book covers various theoretical perspectives from polycenticism to social constructionism. ?? Zusammenfassung Although relatively new, the importance of business improvement districts (BIDs) in urban and metropolitan areas in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada has increased. This book addresses such issues and controversies as problem solving and efficiency in service and delivery. Inhaltsverzeichnis Business Improvement Districts: Research, Theories, and Controversies. Metropolitan Governance and Business Improvement Districts. Private Governments: A Polycentric Perspective. From Town Center Management to the BID Model in Britain: Toward a New Contractualism? BIDs Farewell: The Democratic Accountability of Business Improvement Districts. From North America to Africa: The BID Model and the Role of Policy Entrepreneurs. The BID Model in Canada and the United States: The Retail-Revitalization Nexus. Private Governments or Public Policy Tools? The Law and Public Policy of New Jersey’s Special Improvement Districts. Business Improvement Districts in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area: Implications for Local Governance. Business Improvement Districts in New York City’s Low- and High-Income Neighborhoods. Business Improvement Districts and Small Business Advocacy: The Case of San Diego. Business Improvement Districts’ Approaches to Working with Local Governments. Business Improvement Districts in Pennsylvania: Implications for Democratic Metropolitan Governance. Getting the Max for the Tax: An Examination of Bid Performance Measures. Community Improvement Districts in Metropolitan Atlanta. Contesting Public Space and Citizenship: Implications for Neighborhood Business Improvement Districts. The Strategic Evolution of the BID Model in Canada. British Town Center Management: Setting the Stage for the BID Model in Europe. Business Improvement Districts in England: The UK Government’s Proposals, Enactment, and Guidance. The Adoption of the BID Model in Ireland: Context and Considerations....
