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SCOPE, the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment, was established by the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) in 1969 as an international, non to governmental, non-profit organisation with the mandate - advance knowledge of the influence of humans on their environment, as well as the effects of these environmental changes upon people, their health and their welfare with particular attention to those influences and effects which are either global or shared by several nations; - to serve as a non-governmental, interdisciplinary and international council of scien tists and as a source of advice for the benefit of governments and intergovernmental and non-governmental bodies with respect to environmental problems. SCOPE has been established because critical environmental concerns call for a thor ough evaluation of the issues at stake, an assessment of their consequences at global and regional levels and the formulation of possible solutions. Through its activities SCOPE identifies available knowledge, then synthesizing it to point out where gaps and uncertainties exist, and to recommend where efforts should be concentrated to develop explanations and solutions.
List of contents
I. Summaries and Recommendations.- Fundamentals: Reactions, Transport and Modeling - Report of the Workshop Discussion.- Field and Case Study Work Group.- Report on Risk Assessment and Legislation.- II. Statements.- Modeling Subsurface Processes.- The Radionuclide Migration Facilitated by Complexation and Colloid Formation in Subsoil Aquifer Systems.- Transport of Bacteria in Ground Water.- Chemical Reactions of Organics.- Reductive Dehalogenation.- Perspective and Limits in Biodegradation.- Bioslurry Treatment of NAPL-Contaminated Soil.- Field Studies: Elicitation of Fate and Transport Processes and Application to Full-scale Remediation.- Bioremediation in Practice: Problems and Results.- Demonstration of On-site Innovative Technologies: Case Studies in Soil and Groundwater Remediation.- Groundwater Protection.- Crucial Needs for Environmental Risk Assessment (ChemRisk®) Remediation as Good as Possible, but Only as Far as Really Necessary.- Assessment of Ecological Risks of Soil and Groundwater Pollution.- Soil Protection Concept of the Council of Europe.- III. Reports.- Environmental Measures Reflecting Political Changes in the Czech Republic.- The Transfer of the State Property.- Management of Environmental Liabilities in the Czech Republic.- Legal Framework for Soil Remediation in Flanders (Belgium).- Current Stage of the German Legislation on Soil Protection.- Risk Assessment From a Business Company View-point.- The Introduction of Risk Analysis in Environmental Protection.- Geochemical Processes in Ground Water of the Aquifer Along the River Danube.- Field Studies: Elicitation of Fate and Transport Processes and Application to Full-scale Remediation.- Prediction of Pollutant Transport in the Subsoil.- Optimizing Groundwater Remediation Including WeightedFeedback for Incorporating Model Uncertainty.- Geochemical Problems in Nuclear Waste Disposal.- Chemical Reactions of Organics.- Evaluation of Mass Transfer and Biodegradation of Naphthalene from Coal Tar in Slurry Treatment Systems.- Rate Limiting Steps in Bioremediation.- Behaviour of Metals.
