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Informationen zum Autor Allan Hackshaw established and led the course on evidence-based dentistry at Barts & the London School of Dentistry and is now deputy-director of the cancer trials centre at University College London. Elizabeth Paul is a Lecturer at the UCL cancer trials centre. Elizabeth Davenport is Professor of Dental Education, Barts & the London School of Dentistry. Klappentext This introduction to Evidence-Based Dentistry provides a much-needed orientation in the subject for students and professionals alike. It is a ground-level book for those seeking to understand evidence-based dentistry and its significance for clinical practice. The book is anchored in the dental literature: the majority of the chapters offer guidance on interpreting a full published paper; where both the subject of the paper and the study design is of relevance to the field of dentistry. Each chapter is organised in a similar way, providing a structured approach to reading and understanding research articles or commercial product information. In this respect, Evidence-Based Dentistry is designed as an introduction to understanding published research and its implications for the dental surgery; rather than as a guide on undertaking research. Incorporates topical published papers in order to rpovide worked examples Explains the most6 common forms of research used in dentistry Unlocks basic statistical and epidemiological concepts, along with key terms Enables the reader to identify the research question, assess aspects of study design, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of papers and understand their clinical relevance Tables, boxes and figures are used extensively to present core information. Useful templates are also provided, which readers may use/adapt for analysis, including study clubs. Zusammenfassung This introduction to Evidence-Based Dentistry provides a much-needed orientation in the subject for students and professionals alike. It is a ground-level book for those seeking to understand evidence-based dentistry and its significance for clinical practice. Inhaltsverzeichnis Foreword viii Preface ix Acknowledgements xii 1 Evidence-based dentistry: what it is and how to practice it 1 What is evidence-based dentistry? 1 Why do we need evidence-based dentistry? 2 How to practice evidence-based dentistry 3 2 Counting people: understanding percentages and proportions 10 What is the aim of the study? 10 How was the study conducted? 11 What are the main results? 12 The implications of conducting a study based on a sample of people 15 How good is the evidence? 19 What does the study contribute to dental practice? 23 3 Taking measurements on people 31 What is the aim of the study? 31 How was the study conducted? 32 What are the main results? 35 Normal distribution 35 Interpreting the results from non-symmetric data 40 4 Comparing groups of people and examining associations 44 Comparing two percentages (or proportions) 44 Comparing two means 51 Examining associations 55 5 Assessing the effectiveness of treatments 68 Main design elements of randomised clinical trials 69 A clinical trial based on counting people 71 A clinical trial based on taking measurements on people 89 Appendix I. Guidelines for the appraisal of a clinical trial 99 6 Determining risk factors for and causes of disease 115 Association, causality and confounding 116 Cohort studies 119 An example of a cohort study 121 Case-control studies 131 An example of a case-control study 132 Appendix I. Guidelines for the appraisal of an observational study 141 ...
