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Informationen zum Autor Robert K M Hay was, until 2004, director of the Scottish Agricultural Science Agency. He is currently Visiting Professor in the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. John R Porter is Professor of Agroecology at the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University in Denmark and was formerly President of the European Society for Agronomy. Klappentext First published in 1989, Physiology of Crop Yield was the first student textbook to digest and assimilate the many advances in crop physiology, within a framework of resource capture and use. Retaining the central core of the first edition, this long-awaited second edition draws on recent developments in areas such as phenology, canopy dynamics and crop modelling, and the concepts of sustainable crop production. A broad perspective is developed, from the gene through the plant and crop to the ecosystem, covering: Advances in molecular biology relating to crop science Limitation of crop yield by the supply of water or nitrogen Global climate change and its impact on crop modelling Physiological aspects of crop quality A wider range of species, with emphasis on wheat, maize and soybean This book will be a valuable tool for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of agricultural science, plant science, applied ecology and environmental science. It will be an essential addition to all libraries in universities and relevant research establishments. Zusammenfassung * Advances in molecular biology relating to crop science * Limitation of crop yield by the supply of water or nitrogen * Global climate change and its impact on crop modelling * Physiological aspects of crop quality * A wider range of species! with emphasis on wheat! maize and soybean. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface ix Copyright acknowledgements xi 1 Introduction 1 2 Development and phenology 7 2.1 Crop development: concepts and tools 8 2.1.1 Growth stages and phasic development 9 2.1.2 Events at the stem apex: the leek as a simple model species 11 2.1.3 Events at stem apices: branching and reproductive development in wheat 13 2.1.4 Events at stem apices: the consequences of separation of male and female organs in maize 15 2.1.5 Phenology determined by events at axillary meristems: determinate and indeterminate soybean varieties 18 2.1.6 Components of yield 21 2.2 Case histories: the influence of environment and management on crop development and phenology 22 2.2.1 Convergence and synchrony: the influence of sowing date on winter wheat in Northern Europe 22 2.2.2 Crop improvement and the anthesis-silking interval in maize 25 2.2.3 Adaptation of soybean to different latitudes: phasic analysis of the photoperiodic control of flowering 26 2.2.4 Development in storage: physiological age and tuber initiation in the potato 30 2.2.5 Complementary phenologies and plant habits in mixed cropping: temperate grass/clover swards 32 3 Interception of solar radiation by the canopy 35 3.1 The life history of a leaf 35 3.2 The components of plant leaf area expansion 40 3.2.1 Crop emergence 40 3.2.2 Leaf production 41 3.2.3 Leaf expansion 43 3.2.4 Branching 47 3.2.5 Senescence, removal and damage - leaf lifespan 50 3.3 The development of the crop canopy: leaf area index 53 3.3.1 Seasonal development of leaf area index 53 3.3.2 Leaf area index and crop management 55 3.4 Canopy architecture and the interception of solar radiation 60 3.4.1 Seasonal patterns of interception 60 3.4.2 Optimum and critical leaf area indices 61 3.4.3 Leaf photosynthesis and canopy properties 63 3.4.4 Canopy extinction ...
