Fluids, Colloids and Soft Materials - An Introduction to Soft Matter Physics

Informationen zum Autor Alberto Fernandez-Nieves received his Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Granada and is Assistant Professor of Physics at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Before joining GeorgiaTech, he was Lecturer of Physics at the University of Almeria and studies the physics of soft materials with a focus on the connection between microscopic order and macroscopic properties. Klappentext This book presents a compilation of self-contained chapters covering a wide range of topics within the broad field of soft condensed matter. Each chapter starts with basic definitions to bring the reader up-to-date on the topic at hand, describing how to use fluid flows to generate soft materials of high value either for applications or for basic research. Coverage includes topics related to colloidal suspensions and soft materials and how they differ in behavior, along with a roadmap for researchers on how to use soft materials to study relevant physics questions related to geometrical frustration. Zusammenfassung This book presents a compilation of self-contained chapters covering a wide range of topics within the broad field of soft condensed matter. Inhaltsverzeichnis Preface xv List of Contributors xvii SECTION I FLUID FLOWS 1 1 Drop Generation in Controlled Fluid Flows 3 Elena Castro Hernandez, Josefa Guerrero, Alberto Fernandez-Nieves, & Jose M. Gordillo 1.1 Introduction, 3 1.2 Coflow, 4 1.2.1 Problem and Dimensionless Numbers, 4 1.2.2 Dripping and Jetting, 5 1.2.3 Narrowing Jets, 6 1.2.4 Unified Scaling of the Drop Size in Both Narrowing and Widening Regimes, 7 1.2.5 Convective Versus Absolute Instabilities, 9 1.3 Flow Focusing, 12 1.4 Summary and Outlook, 15 References, 15 2 Electric Field Effects 19 Francisco J. Higuera 2.1 Introduction, 19 2.2 Mathematical Formulation and Estimates, 20 2.2.1 Conical Meniscus, 22 2.2.2 Cone-to-Jet Transition Region and Beyond, 23 2.2.3 Very Viscous Liquids, 24 2.3 Applications and Extensions, 24 2.3.1 Multiplexing, 24 2.3.2 Coaxial Jet Electrosprays, 25 2.3.3 Electrodispersion in Dielectric Liquid Baths, 26 2.4 Conclusions, 27 References, 27 3 Fluid Flows for Engineering Complex Materials 29 Ignacio G. Loscertales 3.1 Introduction, 29 3.2 Single Fluid Micro- or Nanoparticles, 30 3.2.1 Flows Through Micron-Sized Apertures, 31 3.2.2 Microflows Driven by Hydrodynamic Focusing, 33 3.2.3 Micro- and Nanoflows Driven by Electric Forces, 34 3.3 Steady-state Complex Capillary Flows for Particles with Complex Structure, 36 3.3.1 Hydrodynamic Focusing, 36 3.3.2 Electrified Coaxial Jet, 38 3.4 Summary, 39 Acknowledgments, 41 References, 41 SECTION II COLLOIDS IN EXTERNAL FIELDS 43 4 Fluctuations in Particle Sedimentation 45 P.N. Segrè 4.1 Introduction, 45 4.2 Mean Sedimentation Rate, 45 4.2.1 Brownian Sedimentation, 46 4.2.2 Non-Brownian Sedimentation, 47 4.3 Velocity Fluctuations, 48 4.3.1 Introduction, 48 Caflisch and Luke Divergence Paradox, 48 4.3.2 Thin Cells and Quasi Steady-State Sedimentation, 49 Hydrodynamic Diffusion, 51 4.3.3 Thick Cells, Time-Dependent Sedimentation, and Stratification, 52 Time-Dependent Sedimentation, 52 Stratification Scaling Model, 54 4.3.4 Stratification Model in a Fluidized Bed, 55 4.4 Summary, 56 References, 57 5 Particles in Electric Fields 59 Todd M. Squires 5.1 Electrostatics in Electrolytes, 60 5.1.1 The Poisson-Boltzmann Equation, 61 5.1.2 Assumptions Underlying the Poisson-Boltzmann Equation, 62 5.1.3 A...

List of contents

Preface xv
 
List of Contributors xvii
 
SECTION I FLUID FLOWS 1
 
1 Drop Generation in Controlled Fluid Flows 3
Elena Castro Hernandez, Josefa Guerrero, Alberto Fernandez-Nieves, & Jose M. Gordillo
 
1.1 Introduction, 3
 
1.2 Coflow, 4
 
1.2.1 Problem and Dimensionless Numbers, 4
 
1.2.2 Dripping and Jetting, 5
 
1.2.3 Narrowing Jets, 6
 
1.2.4 Unified Scaling of the Drop Size in Both Narrowing and Widening Regimes, 7
 
1.2.5 Convective Versus Absolute Instabilities, 9
 
1.3 Flow Focusing, 12
 
1.4 Summary and Outlook, 15
 
References, 15
 
2 Electric Field Effects 19
Francisco J. Higuera
 
2.1 Introduction, 19
 
2.2 Mathematical Formulation and Estimates, 20
 
2.2.1 Conical Meniscus, 22
 
2.2.2 Cone-to-Jet Transition Region and Beyond, 23
 
2.2.3 Very Viscous Liquids, 24
 
2.3 Applications and Extensions, 24
 
2.3.1 Multiplexing, 24
 
2.3.2 Coaxial Jet Electrosprays, 25
 
2.3.3 Electrodispersion in Dielectric Liquid Baths, 26
 
2.4 Conclusions, 27
 
References, 27
 
3 Fluid Flows for Engineering Complex Materials 29
Ignacio G. Loscertales
 
3.1 Introduction, 29
 
3.2 Single Fluid Micro- or Nanoparticles, 30
 
3.2.1 Flows Through Micron-Sized Apertures, 31
 
3.2.2 Microflows Driven by Hydrodynamic Focusing, 33
 
3.2.3 Micro- and Nanoflows Driven by Electric Forces, 34
 
3.3 Steady-state Complex Capillary Flows for Particles with Complex Structure, 36
 
3.3.1 Hydrodynamic Focusing, 36
 
3.3.2 Electrified Coaxial Jet, 38
 
3.4 Summary, 39
 
Acknowledgments, 41
 
References, 41
 
SECTION II COLLOIDS IN EXTERNAL FIELDS 43
 
4 Fluctuations in Particle Sedimentation 45
P.N. Segrè
 
4.1 Introduction, 45
 
4.2 Mean Sedimentation Rate, 45
 
4.2.1 Brownian Sedimentation, 46
 
4.2.2 Non-Brownian Sedimentation, 47
 
4.3 Velocity Fluctuations, 48
 
4.3.1 Introduction, 48
 
Caflisch and Luke Divergence Paradox, 48
 
4.3.2 Thin Cells and Quasi Steady-State Sedimentation, 49
 
Hydrodynamic Diffusion, 51
 
4.3.3 Thick Cells, Time-Dependent Sedimentation, and Stratification, 52
 
Time-Dependent Sedimentation, 52
 
Stratification Scaling Model, 54
 
4.3.4 Stratification Model in a Fluidized Bed, 55
 
4.4 Summary, 56
 
References, 57
 
5 Particles in Electric Fields 59
Todd M. Squires
 
5.1 Electrostatics in Electrolytes, 60
 
5.1.1 The Poisson-Boltzmann Equation, 61
 
5.1.2 Assumptions Underlying the Poisson-Boltzmann Equation, 62
 
5.1.3 Alternate Approach: The Electrochemical Potential, 63
 
5.1.4 Electrokinetics, 64
 
5.2 The Poisson-Nernst-Planck-Stokes Equations, 65
 
5.3 Electro-Osmotic Flows, 66
 
5.3.1 Alternate Approach: The Electrochemical Potential, 67
 
5.4 Electrophoresis, 68
 
5.4.1 Electrophoresis in the Thick Double-Layer Limit, 69
 
5.4.2 Electrophoresis in the Thin Double-Layer Limit, 69
 
5.4.3 Electrophoresis for Arbitrary Charge and Screening Length, 71
 
5.4.4 Concentration Polarization, 72
 
5.5 Nonlinear Electrokinetic Effects, 75
 
5.5.1 Induced-Charge Electrokinetics, 75
 
5.5.2 Dielectrophoresis, 76
 
5.5.3 Particle Interactions and Electrorheological Fluids, 77
 
5.6 Conclusions, 77
 
References, 78
 
6 Colloidal Dispersions in Shear Flow 81
Minne P. Lettinga
 
6.1 Introduction,

Product details

• Authors: Alberto (Georgia Institute of Te Fernandez-Nieves
• Assisted by: Alberto Fernandez-Nieves (Editor), Alberto (Georgia Institute of Technology Fernandez-Nieves (Editor), Antonio Manuel Puertas (Editor)
• Publisher: Wiley, John and Sons Ltd
• Languages: English
• Product format: Hardback
• Released: 24.06.2016
• EAN: 9781118065624
• ISBN: 978-1-118-06562-4
• No. of pages: 432
• Series: Wiley Series on Surface and Interfacial Chemistry; Wiley Series on Surface and Interfacial Chemistry (NY)
• Subject: Natural sciences, medicine, IT, technology > Technology > General, dictionaries