Fr. 159.00

Robust Power Supply Design in a Supply-Chain-Challenged World

English · Hardback

Will be released 14.04.2026

Description

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An expert discussion with notes for the hobbyist on how to design power supplies while avoiding supply chain vulnerabilities In Robust Power Supply Design in a Supply-Chain-Challenged World, engineer and power electronics specialist Ron Lenk delivers a comprehensive guide that delves into the intricacies of designing high-performance power supplies that use exclusively multi-source components. After considering robust passive and active components and how to do successful modeling with LTSpice, Lenk focuses on concrete, detailed examples of the design of robust power supplies. Robust design examples include:

  • A 500mV output LDO;
  • A 5mW Boost converter;
  • A 24W Passive PFC circuit;
  • A 48-to-1V, 100A Bang-Bang Converter with Synchronous Rectification for an automotive AI chip;
  • A 277VAC, 5000W PFC for LED stadium lighting; and
  • An off-line 22KW, 2MHz four-slice EV charger
...plus many other topical examples, all designed with little more than op-amps, comparators and 555 timers. Readers will also find:
  • A thorough introduction to multiple types of converters, including bang-bang, PWM, and PFC
  • Detailed specifications, design principles, and simulation of robust converters
  • Practical discussions of high-speed and high-precision designs, and of system optimization
  • Treatment of reliability calculations and special topics such as current limiting and negative voltage generation
Perfect for power supply engineers, Robust Power Supply Design in a Supply-Chain-Challenged World will also benefit graduate and senior undergraduate students with an interest in power electronics and power systems. Each chapter has a special section with tips for the Hobbyist interested in designing and building their own power supplies.

List of contents










Contents
Acronyms
Preface
1 Safety
1.1 AC Safety
1.2 Battery Safety
1.3 Notes for the Hobbyist
2 Background Material
2.1 Why a Power Supply?
2.2 Characterizing Power                                                                                          
2.3 Topologies and Controls                                                                     
2.4 Measuring Power Supplies                                                                                
2.5 Modeling                                                                                                    
2.6 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                        
3 Components
3.1 Passive Components                                                                                             
3.1.1 Resistors                                                                                                                
3.1.2 Potentiometers                                                                                  
3.1.3 Capacitors                                                                                            
3.1.4 MOVs                                                                                                       
3.1.5 GDTs                                                                                                          
3.1.6 Connectors                                                                                           
3.1.7 Switches                                                                                                
3.1.8 Thermistors                                                                                          
3.1.9 Fuses                                                                                                       
3.1.10 Batteries                                                                                             
3.2 Magnetic Components                                                                                       
3.2.1 Inductors                                                                                               
3.2.2 Power Transformers                                                                         
3.2.3 Current-Sense Transformers                                                         
3.2.4 Common-mode Chokes                                                                 
3.3 Mag-amps                                                                                                 
3.4 Active Components                                                                                              
3.4.1 Diodes                                                                                                      
3.4.2 Zeners                                                                                                     
3.4.3 LEDs                                                                                                          
3.4.4 MOSFETs                                                                                               
3.4.5 Bipolar Transistors                                                                            
3.4.6 Op-amps                                                                                               
3.4.7 Comparators                                                                                         
3.4.8 References                                                                                           
3.4.9 ICs Used for Control                                                                         
3.4.10 Gate Drivers                                                                                      
3.4.11 Opto-Couplers                                                                                 
3.4.12 Logic Gates                                                                                        
3.5 PCBs                                                                                                                              
3.6 Other Topics in Component Selection                                                        
3.6.1 Derating                                                                                                 
3.6.2 MTTF                                                                                                        
3.6.3 Schematic and BOM                                                                          
3.6.4 Dual Footprints                                                                                   
3.6.5 Stockpiling                                                                                            
3.7 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                        
4 Modeling 
4.1 Precautionary Introduction to Modeling                                     
4.2 Overview of Simulating                                                                                       
4.3 Robust Simulation                                                                                
4.4 Passive Components                                                                                           
4.4.1 Resistors                                                                                                                
4.4.2 Capacitors                                                                                            
4.4.3 Inductors                                                                                               
4.4.4 MOV Model                                                                                           
4.4.5 Batteries                                                                                
4.5 Active Components                                                                                              
4.5.1 Diodes                                                                                                    
4.5.2 Zeners                                                                                                       
4.5.3 LEDs                                                                                                          
4.5.4 Transistors                                                                                            
4.5.5 Op-amps, Comparators and Voltage References               
4.5.6 Opto-couplers                                                                                      
4.5.7 Logic Gates                                                                                          
4.5.8 The 555 Model                                                                                     
4.5.9 The 3845 Model                                                                  
4.5.10 Synchronous Gate Driver                                                            
4.6 Modeling the 9910                                                                                 
4.7 Isolation                                                                                                                     
4.8 Modeling AC Power                                                                                                 
4.9 Modeling EMI                                                                                                             
4.10 Spice Directives                                                                                                  
4.11 Controlling Spice                                                                                
4.12 Things to Watch Out For When Modeling                                 
4.13 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                      
5 LDOs 
5.1 LDO Specifications                                                                                              
5.1.1 Input Voltage Range                                                                          
5.1.2 Output Voltage                                                                                    
5.1.3 Tolerance                                                                                               
5.1.4 Output Current                                                                                   
5.1.5 Power Loss and Efficiency                                                             
5.1.6 Temperature Rating and Tolerance                                            
5.1.7 Stability                                                                                                  
5.1.8 Step Response                                                                                    
5.2 Shunt Regulators                                                                                   
5.3 LDO Design                                                                                                              
5.3.1 Basic Idea                                                                                             
5.3.2 Pass Transistor                                                                                   
5.3.3 Reference Voltage                                                                             
5.3.4 Error Amplifier                                                                                     
5.3.5 Gate/Base Drive                                                                 
5.3.6 Compensation                                                                                      
5.3.7 Capacitors                                                                                            
5.4 Example: Very Low Dropout LDO                                                     
5.4.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
5.4.2 Modeling                                                                                                
5.5 Example: Very Low Output Voltage LDO                                       
5.5.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
5.5.2 Modeling                                                                                                
5.6 Example: High Voltage LDO                                                                              
5.6.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
5.6.2 Modeling                                                                                                
5.7 Example: Negative Output LDO                                                      
5.7.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
5.7.2 Modeling                                                                                                
5.8 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                        
6 Bang-Bang Converters
6.1 What a Bang-Bang Converter Is                                                      
6.2 Component Selection                                                                                           
6.3 Example: 5V to 1.8V at 2A                                                                  
6.3.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
6.3.2 Modeling                                                                                                
6.3.3 Cost and Size                                                                                         
6.4 Improving Efficiency                                                                                            
6.4.1 Pull-Down Driver                                                                
6.4.2 Totem-Pole Driver                                                                              
6.4.3 Synchronous Rectification                                                           
6.5 Example: 48V to 1V at 100A                                                                              
6.5.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
6.5.2 Modeling                                                                                                
6.6 Example: Bang-Bang Boost                                                                                 
6.6.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
6.6.2 Modeling                                                                                                
6.7 Example: Multi-Slice Bang-Bang                                                    
6.7.1 Extension to 200A                                                                              
6.8 Example: Very Low Current                                                                                 
6.8.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
6.8.2 Modeling                                                                                                
6.8.3 Battery Life                                                                                            
6.9 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                        
7 PWM Converters
7.1 Introduction to PWMs                                                                                          
7.1.1 Background                                                                                          
7.1.2 PWM Structure                                                                    
7.2 Robust PWMs                                                                                                          
7.3 Components of PWMs                                                                                        
7.3.1 Clock                                                                                                       
7.3.2 Ramp                                                                                                       
7.3.3 Error Amplifier                                                                                     
7.3.4 The Dual 555                                                                                        
7.4 Example: Buck 10W                                                                                                
7.4.1 Specifications                                                                                     
7.4.2 Robust Design                                                                                     
7.4.3 First Model                                                                                            
7.4.4 State-Space Average                                                                       
7.4.5 Stable Model                                                                                          
7.5 Example: Boost 100W                                                                                         
7.5.1 Specifications                                                                                       
7.5.2 Design                                                                                                     
7.5.3 Modeling                                                                                                
7.5.4 State-Space Average                                                                       
7.5.5 Step Response                                                                                    
7.6 Example: Buck Multi-Slice 22kW                                                   
7.6.1 Specifications                                                                                     
7.6.2 Design                                                                                                       
7.6.3 Modeling                                                                                                
7.6.4 State-Space Average                                                                       
7.6.5 More Modeling                                                                                    
7.6.6 Results                                                                                                    
7.6.7 Cost                                                                                                         
7.7 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                        
8 PFC Converters 
8.1 Basic Idea of PFC                                                                                   
8.2 Example: Passive PFC                                                                                         
8.3 Constant On-time Controller                                                                           
8.4 Example: 120VAC, 100W                                                                    
8.4.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
8.4.2 Control Circuitry                                                                
8.4.3 Modeling                                                                                                
8.4.4 EMI                                                                                                           
8.4.5 Start-up Circuit                                                                   
8.4.6 Output Over-voltage Protection                                 
8.5 Example: 230VAC, 100W                                                                    
8.6 The 9910 as a PFC                                                                                 
8.7 Example: PFC 277VAC, 5000W                                                       
8.7.1 Robust Design                                                                                     
8.7.2 Modeling                                                                                                
8.7.3 EMI                                                                                                           
8.8 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                        
9 Isolated Converters
9.1 Isolated Power Configurations                                                                        
9.2 The Transformer                                                                                     
9.3 Control of an Isolated Converter                                                    
9.3.1 Primary- vs Secondary-side Control                                             
9.3.2 Isolated Feedback                                                                             
9.3.3 Bang-Bang vs PWM                                                                    
9.3.4 Secondary-side Power                                                                    
9.4 Multi-Output Converters                                                                    
9.5 Cascaded Power Supply Stability                                                  
9.6 Example: PFC to 48V at 2A                                                                
9.6.1 Specifications Table                                                                           
9.6.2 Design                                                                                                       
9.6.3 Modeling                                                                                                
9.6.4 Transformer                                                                                          
9.7 Example: System Model                                                                     
9.8 Example: PFC to 1kV at 300mA                                                       
9.8.1 Design                                                                                                       
9.8.2 Specifications Table                                                                           
9.8.3 Modeling                                                                                                
9.8.4 Transformer                                                                                          
9.8.5 Results                                                                                                    
9.9 Example: Offline 900W Battery Charger                                     
9.9.1 Specification Table                                                                           
9.9.2 Design and Modeling                                                                         
9.9.3 Control Loop Modeling                                                    
9.9.4 Other Pieces                                                                                        
9.9.5 Results                                                                                                    
9.10 Isolated Synchronous Rectification                                                           
9.10.1 Design and Model                                                                           
9.11 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                      
10 Special Topics 
10.1 Better Performance                                                                                           
10.1.1 High Speed                                                                                         
10.1.2 High Precision                                                                                  
10.1.3 Spread-Spectrum Switching                                                       
10.2 Current Limit                                                                                                         
10.2.1 Bang-Bang Controlled Buck                                                       
10.2.2 3843 Controlled Boost                                                                  
10.2.3 9910 Controlled PFC Boost                                                          
10.2.4 555 Controlled Isolated Flyback                                              
10.2.5 LDOs                                                                                                     
10.3 Negative Voltages                                                                                               
10.3.1 Example: 555 Negative Voltage 60mW                 
10.3.2 Tracking Supplies                                                                            
10.4 Lightning                                                                                                  
10.5 Communications                                                                                
10.5.1 Power Good                                                                                       
10.5.2 Test Points                                                                                          
10.6 Optimization                                                                                                           
10.6.1 Power Supply Optimization                                                          
10.6.2 System Optimization                                                                      
10.7 Daughter Boards                                                                                 
10.8 Notes for the Hobbyist                                                                                      
Appendix: Modeling an MOV 
10.9 Loading the Analysis Toolpak                                                                        
10.10Modeling an MOV                                                                                              
Datasheet Extracts 
10.111N4005                                                                                                                  
10.126N137                                                                                                                     
10.13339                                                                                                                           
10.14358                                                                                                                           
10.15431                                                                                                                           
10.16555                                                                                                                           
10.17860                                                                                                                           
10.18IR2213                                                                                                                    
10.192222                                                                                                                         
10.203843                                                                                                                         
10.213904                                                                                                                         
10.223906                                                                                                                         
10.234148                                                                                                                         
10.249062                                                                                                                         
10.259910                                                                                                                         
Bibliography
Index


About the author










Ron Lenk, FRSS, was the co-founder and CEO of SwitchLight, and is now a power supply and power systems consultant. He is a Life Member of the IEEE, a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society, a co-author of Practical Lighting Design with LEDs, 2nd Edition, and the author of Practical Design of Power Supplies. He currently has 36 US patents issued in his name.

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