Model-Based Demography - Essays on Integrating Data, Technique and Theory

Late in a career of more than sixty years, Thomas Burch, an internationally known social demographer, undertook a wide-ranging methodological critique of demography. This open access volume contains a selection of resulting papers, some previously unpublished, some published but not readily accessible. Rejecting the idea that demography is simply a branch of applied statistics, his work views it as an autonomous and complete scientific discipline. When viewed from the perspective of modern philosophy of science, specifically the semantic or model-based school, demography is a balanced discipline, with a rich body of techniques and data, but also with more and better theories than generally recognized. As demonstrated in this book, some demographic techniques can also be seen as theoretical models, and some substantive/behavioral models, commonly rejected as theory because of inconsistent observations, are now seen as valuable theoretical models, for example demographic transition theory.  This book shows how demography can build a strong theoretical edifice on its broad and deep empirical foundation by adoption of the model-based approach to science. But the full-fruits of this approach will require demographers to make greater use of computer modeling in the statement and manipulation of theoretical ideas, as well as for numerical computation.

List of contents

Part I: A Model-Based View of Demography: 1. Demography in a New Key: A Theory of Population Theory.-  2. Data, Models and Reality: The Structure of Demographic Knowledge.- 3. Computer Modeling of Theory: Explanation for the 21st Century.- 4. Computer Simulation and Statistical Modeling: Rivals or Complements?.- 5. Does Demography Need Differential Equations?  Part II: Some Demographic Models Re-visited: 6. Theory, Computers and the Parametrization of Demographic Behavior.- 7. Estimating the Goodman, Keyfitz, Pullum Kinship Equations: An Alternative Procedure.- 8. The Life Table as a Theoretical Model.-  9. The Cohort-Component Projection Algorithm: Technique, Model and Theory.- 10. The Cohort-Component Projection Model: A Strange Attractor for Demographers Part III: Teaching Demography: 11. Teaching Demography: Ten Principles and Two Rationales.- 12. Teaching the Fundamentals of Demography: A Model-Based Approach to Family and Fertility,- 13. On Teaching Demography: Some Non-Traditional Guidelines.- Part IV: Conclusion:14 Conclusion.- Index.

About the author

After completing his graduate work in sociology and demography at the Office of Population 
Research, Princeton University, Thomas Burch taught at Marquette, and at Georgetown University, where he helped found the Center for Population Research. From 1970 to 1975 he served in the Demographic Division [Associated Director] of The Population Council. He then joined the University of Western Ontario to help develop a new Ph.D. program in social demography. He was elected President of the Canadian Population Society in 1992-94, and received that organization's Lifetime Achievement Award in 2013. Currently he is Adjunct Professor at the University of Victoria and Research Affiliate of the Centre for Studies in Demography and Ecology, University of Washington. His main research interests have been fertility, marriage and divorce, household and family structure, and kinship. He has had an abiding interest in demographic theory, and concern over the relative neglect of the
ory by the discipline. In the 1990's, he began to develop a new vision for the codification, presentation, and future development of demography, based on the 'semantic' or 'model-based' approach to the philosophy of science.  In this view of demography, technique, empirical research and theory are in better balance. And demography is seen to have more good theory than is generally realized.

Summary

Late in a career of more than sixty years, Thomas Burch, an internationally known social demographer, undertook a wide-ranging methodological critique of demography. This open access volume contains a selection of resulting papers, some previously unpublished, some published but not readily accessible. Rejecting the idea that demography is simply a branch of applied statistics, his work views it as an autonomous and complete scientific discipline. When viewed from the perspective of modern philosophy of science, specifically the semantic or model-based school, demography is a balanced discipline, with a rich body of techniques and data, but also with more and better theories than generally recognized. As demonstrated in this book, some demographic techniques can also be seen as theoretical models, and some substantive/behavioral models, commonly rejected as theory because of inconsistent observations, are now seen as valuable theoretical models, for example demographic transition theory.  This book shows how demography can build a strong theoretical edifice on its broad and deep empirical foundation by adoption of the model-based approach to science. But the full-fruits of this approach will require demographers to make greater use of computer modeling in the statement and manipulation of theoretical ideas, as well as for numerical computation.

Additional text

“Tom Burch’s monograph can be viewed as a summary of the thoughts that he has assembled on population theory after many years of careful consideration, and he ties them not only to theory but to modelling and explanation, as well as to teaching. This monograph is an important, seminal contribution to the field of demography that is extremely well-written and organized.” (Samuel H. Preston, Canadian Studies in Population, Vol. 45 (3-4), 2018)
“The book is a reflection on how to strengthen demography as a discipline and bridge the divide between formal and substantive or social demography. The book is highly recommended to anyone interested in the future of our discipline. Burch’s message is of particular interest to junior demographers who wish to identify niches where innovation is needed most to develop demography into a complete science with a sound and coherent theory, a set of techniques, and data.” (Frans Willekens, European Journal of Population, Vol. 34, 2018)

Report

"Tom Burch's monograph can be viewed as a summary of the thoughts that he has assembled on population theory after many years of careful consideration, and he ties them not only to theory but to modelling and explanation, as well as to teaching. This monograph is an important, seminal contribution to the field of demography that is extremely well-written and organized." (Samuel H. Preston, Canadian Studies in Population, Vol. 45 (3-4), 2018)
"The book is a reflection on how to strengthen demography as a discipline and bridge the divide between formal and substantive or social demography. The book is highly recommended to anyone interested in the future of our discipline. Burch's message is of particular interest to junior demographers who wish to identify niches where innovation is needed most to develop demography into a complete science with a sound and coherent theory, a set of techniques, and data." (Frans Willekens, European Journal of Population, Vol. 34, 2018)

Product details

• Authors: Thomas K. Burch
• Publisher: Springer, Berlin
• Languages: English
• Product format: Paperback / Softback
• Released: 25.08.2018
• EAN: 9783319880273
• ISBN: 978-3-31-988027-3
• No. of pages: 200
• Dimensions: 155 mm x 12 mm x 235 mm
• Weight: 343 g
• Illustrations: XVIII, 200 p. 7 illus.
• Series: Demographic Research Monographs
• Subjects: Social sciences, law, business > Sociology > Political sociology; C, Sociology, Statistics, Philosophy of Science, biotechnology, Social Sciences, Methodology of the Social Sciences, Social research & statistics, Statistics for Social Sciences, Humanities, Law, Philosophy and science, Demography, Population and Demography, Social research and statistics, Sociology—Methodology