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The first comprehensive investigation of premodern Jewish travel writing about the Islamic worldReorienting the East explores the Islamic world as it was encountered, envisioned, and elaborated by Jewish travelers from the Middle Ages to the early modern period. The first comprehensive investigation of Jewish travel writing from this era, this study engages with questions raised by postcolonial studies and contributes to the debate over the nature and history of Orientalism as defined by Edward Said.
Examining two dozen Hebrew and Judeo-Arabic travel accounts from the mid-twelfth to the early sixteenth centuries, Martin Jacobs asks whether Jewish travelers shared Western perceptions of the Islamic world with their Christian counterparts. Most Jews who detailed their journeys during this period hailed from Christian lands and many sailed to the Eastern Mediterranean aboard Christian-owned vessels. Yet Jacobs finds that their descriptions of the Near East subvert or reorient a decidedly Christian vision of the region. The accounts from the crusader era, in particular, are often critical of the Christian church and present glowing portraits of Muslim-Jewish relations. By contrast, some of the later travelers discussed in the book express condescending attitudes toward Islam, Muslims, and Near Eastern Jews. Placing shifting perspectives on the Muslim world in their historical, social, and literary contexts, Jacobs interprets these texts as mirrors of changing Jewish self-perceptions. As he argues, the travel accounts echo the various ways in which premodern Jews negotiated their mingled identities, which were neither exclusively Western nor entirely Eastern.
List of contents
Maps
A Note on Translations and Transliterations
List of Abbreviations
Introduction
PART I. TRAVELS AND TRAVEL NARRATIVES
Chapter 1. Medieval Jewish Travelers and Their Writings
Chapter 2. Travel Motivations: Pilgrimage and Trade
Chapter 3. Levantine Journeys: Choices and Challenges
PART II. TERRITORY AND PLACE
Chapter 4. Facing a Gentile Land of Israel
Chapter 5. Medieval Mingling at Holy Tombs
Chapter 6. Marvels of Muslim Metropolises
PART III. ENCOUNTERING THE OTHER
Chapter 7. Ishmaelites and Edomites: Muslims and Christians
Chapter 8. Near Eastern Jews: Brothers or Strangers?
Chapter 9. Karaites, Samaritans, and Lost Tribes
Chapter 10. Assassins, Blacks, and Veiled Women
Conclusion
Chronology of Travelers and Works
Glossary
Notes
Selected Bibliography
Index
About the author
Martin Jacobs is Professor of Rabbinic Studies in the Department of Jewish, Islamic, and Middle Eastern Studies at Washington University in St. Louis.
